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- W2589903143 abstract "endowed with the same genome, in that most of the gene loci contained in the ge nome of one species are included in that of the other species. The compari son of amino acid sequences of peptide chains produced by a set of dupli cated genes illustrates this point. For instance, mammalian hemoglobin is a symmetrical tetramer made of an alpha chain having 141 amino acid resi dues and beta-like chains having 145 or 146 residues. The very fact that the human alpha chain more closely resembles the mouse alpha chain (17 differences) and the horse alpha chain (18 differences) than the human beta chain (84 differences) reveals that a duplication which produced the alpha- and beta-ch ai n genes occurred before the emergence of the first mammals (see summary in Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, 1966). Simi larly, mammalian antibody molecules are composed of two classes of subunits; light chains and heavy chains. Man, mice, and other mammals have duplicated gene loci for kappa and lambda light chains, each having about 210 amino acid residues. Here again the similarity between the amino acid sequence of human kappa and mouse kappa is greater than between human kappa and lambda [Putnam et al. (92)]. There is little doubt that when the primordial mammal first emerged on this earth, the dupli cated gene loci for immunogl obulin light chains were already in evidence. The above implies the sameness in genome size of diverse mammalian species. Indeed, the amount of DNA contained in the diploid nucleus is about 7.0 X" @default.
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- W2589903143 date "1969-01-01" @default.
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- W2589903143 title "EVOLUTION OF SEX CHROMOSOMES IN MAMMALS1" @default.
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