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- W2590588461 abstract "Spatio-temporal variability in peak discharge and bed load movement in steep mountains is determined mainly by vegetation cover. This study was carried out in 11 steep (0.27-0.65 m m-1) catchments (0.4-25 km2) in the western Rift Valley escarpment of Northern Ethiopia, which experienced severe deforestation and degradation until the first half of the 1980s and considerable reforestation thereafter. We measured the peak discharge height of 332 events and the median diameter of the 10 coarsest bedload particles (Max10) moved in after each event in three rainy seasons (2012-2014) with the objective of analyzing variability in peak discharge and bedload movement in relation to vegetation cover change. Seven rain gauges were installed at different altitudes (1623-2851 m a.s.l.) in and nearby the catchments. Peak discharge events were calculated using the Manning’s equation from measurements of maximum discharge height at 11 crest stage gauges. Hydraulic competence analysis for the entrainment of the average Max10 was carried out using peak discharge, stream power and critical shear stress approaches. Land cover class percentages were detected from Google Earth Imagery (February 1, 2014). Morphometric characteristics of the catchments were computed both from ASTER Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and topographic maps. Average catchment-specific peak discharge coefficient (Cp) showed a strong decreasing relation with vegetation cover (R2 = 0.85, P<0.01), catchment length (R2 = 0.37, P<0.05), time of concentration (R2 = 0.43, P<0.05) and average soil depth (R2 = 0.42, P<0.01), while positively with catchment slope gradient (R2 = 0.37, P<0.05). Max10 was negatively related with vegetation cover (R2 = 0.58, P<0.05), while positively with scar density on the surrounding slopes (R2 = 0.50, P<0.05) and catchment area (R2 = 0.36, P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that 99% (P<0.01) of the variability of catchment-specific peak discharge coefficient in the catchments can be predicted by vegetation cover and infiltration number, while 98% of the variability in Max10 is explained by scar density and catchment area. Entrainment of Max10 was positively related to peak discharge (Qp) (R2 = 0.60, P<0.01, stream power (R2 = 0.71, P<0.01) and critical shear stress (τc) with reference to D50 (r 50) (R2 = 0.96, P<0.01) and D84 (r84) (R2 = 0.93, P<0.01). Overall, this study demonstrates that in reforesting steep tropical mountain catchments, runoff response of catchments and bedload movement is strongly determined by vegetation cover." @default.
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- W2590588461 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W2590588461 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2590588461 title "Rehabilitation of steep tropical mountains and its implication on peak discharge and bed load dynamics : the case of western Rift Valley escarpment of Ethiopia" @default.
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