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• W2591567259 abstract "A prospective study was undertaken on a 260-head dairy herd in NSW, Australia todetermine the modes of transmission, prevalence, effect on abortion and reproductionparameters and the impact on milk production of Neospora caninum. A test-and-cullmethod of control was also evaluated. The possible infectivity of milk from N. caninuminfected cows was also investigated using a mouse model. As ELISAs form animportant part of diagnosing N. caninum infection, studies were undertaken to evaluatetwo serum and one milk ELISA. Analysis was performed for each of the ELISAs todetermine cut-off thresholds, Se and Sp. The milk ELISA was subsequently used todetermine the overall prevalence of N. caninum in NSW dairy cows.In the prospective study, 11.4% of the herd’s cattle were seropositive to N. caninum byELISA and the dominant route of transmission was vertical as the majority of theinfected cattle were related and only a few seropositive cattle were born fromseronegative dams (i.e. reflecting postnatal transmission). As 90% of offspring bornfrom seropositive cows were also seropositive this suggests a high vertical transmissionrate. Neospora caninum was found to be a major cause of abortion as cows seropositiveto N. caninum had a 13-fold higher risk of abortion then seronegative cattle. Early foetalloss was also predicted to be associated with N. caninum infection as seropositive cowsrequired a significantly greater number of inseminations and took longer to conceivethan seronegative cattle. BVDV and IBR alone were not associated with causingabortion in this herd. This is the first report of an effective control strategy forN. caninum by either culling seropositives or not breeding from seropositive cows. Thismethod was effective in reducing the number of infected cattle and was feasible due tothe low prevalence of N. caninum on the farm and thus did not place too high a financialburden on the farmer. Neospora caninum DNA was also detected by PCR on milksamples from seropositive cows. This is the first Australian report demonstratingN. caninum DNA in milk. Of the serum ELISA evaluated, one was determined to havehigh Se and Sp at the cut-off recommended by the manufacturer while the otherrequired modification of the cut-off value to gain the same high Se and Sp. Afterchoosing the most suitable milk dilution, the milk ELISA was determined to have highSe and Sp of 97%. Using this ELISA the prevalence of N. caninum in NSW dairy cattlewas determined to be 21.1%.Neospora caninum was found to be a significant cause of abortion and also foetal loss inthe study herd and was vertically transmitted efficiently. Control efforts using a test-and–cull approach were successful without placing economic hardship on the farmer.The evaluation of several ELISAs was useful as these can be used in diagnosinginfection. In particularly the milk ELISA will now make sampling easier so enablingwhole herd sampling by the farmer. This ELISA may be of particular use in test-and- cull…" @default.
• W2591567259 created "2017-03-03" @default.
• W2591567259 creator A5062231249 @default.
• W2591567259 date "2006-01-01" @default.
• W2591567259 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2591567259 title "The application of immunological, molecular and epidemiological approaches to the study of Neosporosis in cattle" @default.
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