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• W2593397175 abstract "Hydrodynamic modeling is a central tool for flood risk management and lies at the base for thedetermination of deposition of sediment and heavy metals. In recent years, considerable efforthas been made on the development of 2D and 3D hydrodynamic models that accurately simulateoverbank flow patterns and predict extreme flood water levels in rivers and floodplains (e.g.,Baptist et al., (2007) and Stoesser et al. (2003). In addition to surface topography (Marks andBates, 2000), hydrodynamic roughness of the floodplain surface is the key input parameter ofthese models. Currently, no accurate, spatially distributed and quantitative method exists to parameterize hydrodynamic roughness of the floodplains as input for models, leading touncertainty in flood water levels as well as deposition patterns.Vegetation roughness is dependent on vegetation structural characteristics like vegetation heightand density, rigidity of the stems and the presence of leaves (Kouwen and Li, 1980) . To providehydrodynamic modelers with reliable input, the spatial and temporal distribution of surfacecharacteristics is needed. This requires accurate and fast monitoring methods that can cover largefloodplain areas. Various remote sensing data may provide information on vegetation type,structure and dynamics, using vegetation classification. While the spatial resolution and the levelof detail of the classification vary with the type of remote sensing data, in all cases vegetationclasses are converted to vegetation structure, which leads to undesirable loss of within-classvariation. In contrast, Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) enables direct extraction of vegetationstructural characteristics such as vegetation height, biomass, basal area, and leaf area index(Cobby et al., 2001; Lim et al., 2003). However, ALS was never tested for floodplain vegetationunder leaf-off conditions representative for winter floods, which has specific problems ofinundated ground surface and small herbaceous vegetation elements which cannot be detected.Any mapping strategy requires accurate field reference data for validation of remote sensinginformation products. Vegetation density is a difficult parameter to measure in the field, due tothe presence of side branches, complex stem shapes and leaves (Dudley et al., 1998; Zehm et al.,2003). In addition, none of the current field methods generates information on the threedimensionaldistribution of vegetation density. Especially for herbaceous vegetation, no accuratemethod exists to determine density in the field. Therefore a large uncertainty remains in the inputto hydrodynamic models. On the other hand, the output of roughness models is mostlycalibrated in flume facilities, where high flow velocities are used, combined with steep watersurface slopes and low water depths. These circumstances are not representative for flowconditions on lowland floodplains. Current in situ measurements of vegetation roughness usingfixed current meters and water level meters are inadequate to measure the relevant hydrodynamicparameters such as water depth, water surface slope and the 3D flow field. This lack ofcalibration data further increases the uncertainty in the hydrodynamic modeling." @default.
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• W2593397175 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W2593397175 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2593397175 title "Hydrodynamic roughness of floodplain vegetation: Airborne parameterization and field validation" @default.
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