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- W2594315691 abstract "The mechanisms of intracellular free fatty acid (FFA)effects on insulin secretion and signaling are knownfor many years, however, their effects exerted byextracellular route, via membrane receptors, havebeen recognized only recently. There are two maingroups of membrane receptors activated by FFA: Tolllike receptors (TLRs) engaged in nonspecific immunity, activated by bacterial and viral antigens and Gproteincoupled receptors (GPRs). Activation of TLR2and 4 by saturated acids leads to activation of NFkBand induction of proinflammatory cytokines. Knockoutof TLR2 or TLR4 protects from the effects of highfat diet — insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction.GPRs mediate insulinotropic effects of FFAexerted either directly on pancreatic beta cells (GPR-40) or indirectly, in enteroendocrine cells, by stimulationof GLP-1 and GIP release (GPR-120). The effectsof cholecystokinin, GLP-1 and GIP secretion throughGPR-120 activation were shown for monounsaturatedand polyunsaturated omega 3 fatty acids. Inadipose tissue omega 3 fatty acids counteract theproinflammatory cytokine signaling and their synthesis.Short chain fatty acids utilize adipose GPR-43for stimulation of leptin secretion and GPR-42 and43 for stimulation of PYY and serotonin secretion byenteroendocrine cells. The intensive research of GPRligands pharmacologically efficient in diabetes type 2therapy are currently conducted. Comprehensive characterizationof the effects of dietary fatty acids onGPR activation could enable the optimization ofnutritional prevention and management of diabetestype 2. (Diabet. Prakt. 2011; 12, 2: 42–51)" @default.
- W2594315691 created "2017-03-16" @default.
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- W2594315691 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W2594315691 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2594315691 title "Fatty acid activated membrane receptor function and fat in the nutritional prevention of diabetes type 2" @default.
- W2594315691 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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