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- W2595301679 abstract "Radio- and chemotherapy destroy reproductive germline cells in the gonads, causing infertility. Unlike men who have a clinically proven option, methods for preserving fertility in women and girls surviving cancer remain experimental. Remarkable advances in three-dimensional (3D) culture of mouse follicles in an alginate matrix leading to mature oocytes capable of fertilization with subsequent live offspring offer an opportunity to translate this technique to fertility preservation in women. The aims of this study were to validate whether a similar 3D scaffold permits the coordinated development of the nonhuman primate follicle in vitro, determine whether follicles collected from different stages of the menstrual cycle have similar developmental competence, and evaluate the role of gonadotropins, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) alone or with luteinizing hormone (LH), to support folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis. Ovaries were obtained from rhesus monkeys during the early follicular (n=6 animals, 77 follicles) and midluteal phase (n=4 animals, 63 follicles) of normal menstrual cycles. Preantral follicles were mechanically isolated and encapsulated into 0.5% (w/v) alginate (FMC Biopolymers) beads. Encapsulated follicles were cultured individually in 250 μl αMEM containing 3 mg/ml BSA, 1mg/ml bovine fetuin, 5 ìg/ml insulin, 5 ìg/ml transferrin and 5 ng/ml selenium (Sigma) with either 0.5 mIU/ml recombinant human (r-h) FSH (NV Organon) alone or with 1.0 mIU r-hLH (Ares Serono) for 30 days at 37C in 5% CO2. Follicle survival and diameter were assessed weekly. Media collected on alternate days was analyzed for androstenedione (AD) and estradiol (E2). With FSH alone, 69% (35/51) of preantral follicles from the early follicular phase survived 30 days in culture, compared to 46% (12/26) from midluteal phase. Preantral follicles from the early follicular phase exposed to FSH + LH had a 33% (14/43) survival rate compared to 15% (3/20) from midluteal phase. Survival was greater (P<0.05) in preantral follicles from the early follicular phase regardless of gonadotropin treatment. Survival was also enhanced (P<0.05) with FSH alone relative to FSH + LH regardless of menstrual cycle stage. On day 1, follicle diameters were similar between the FSH (282 ± 16 μm) and FSH + LH groups (237 ± 12 μm). Follicle diameters were greater (P<0.05) on day 30 in the FSH group (735 ± 47 μm) relative to FSH + LH (528 ± 90 μm). Surviving follicles typically displayed an antral cavity by day 30. Production of AD and E2 was similar between gonadotropin groups throughout culture, and steadily increased to levels 4-fold higher (P<0.05) from day 7 to day 30. Thus, an alginate-based, 3D culture system supported survival, growth and steroid production of preantral follicles to the small antral stage in primates, particularly when preantral follicles originated from the early follicular phase. FSH alone improved follicle survival, promoted follicle growth and supported steroidogenesis. Whether the appropriate milieu for growth and differentiation of a preovulatory follicle and its enclosed oocyte in vitro requires LH remains to be determined. This novel technique provides, for the first time, a model to investigate follicle growth and maturation in primates, with the goal of producing meiotically and developmentally competent oocytes for fertility preservation in female cancer survivors. Supported by HD18185, RR00163, RR024347 Oncofertility Consortium." @default.
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- W2595301679 date "2008-05-01" @default.
- W2595301679 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2595301679 title "An Alginate Matrix Supports the Three-dimensional Architecture of the Nonhuman Primate Follicle and Permits Coordinated Development of Preantral Follicles to Small Antral Follicles in Vitro." @default.
- W2595301679 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/biolreprod/78.s1.204" @default.
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