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- W2598975055 abstract "This collection of essays studies the properties ofcollective decision procedures when monetary compensation isunavailable. The first three chapters consider abstract socialchoice settings, emphasizing solidary and strategic properties ofrules. The final chapter narrows the focus to object allocation andinvestigates efficiency and strategic properties. Broadly,solidarity requires that, when some aspect of the environmentchanges, all individuals are affected similarly, either sharing thebenefits or losses. Recognising other individuals as a relevantcomponent of one's environment, we apply this principle to changesin the population or preferences of other individuals. Narrowingour solidarity requirement, our properties ask that individuals beaffected in the same direction, avoiding only those cases in whichsome gain while others lose. Chapter 1 begins our study of socialchoice. When choosing between two alternatives, we find that onlyrules satisfying our solidarity requirements and efficiency requireconsensus: Each rule selects pre-determined alternative unless allindividuals prefer the other. We further derive logicalrelationships among solidarity and strategic properties extend themodel to accommodate individuals who are indifferent between thealternatives. Moving beyond the binary setting, we quickly reach animpossibility: No efficient rules satisfy our solidarity property.Chapter 2 moves to preference aggregation. Supposing thatindividuals report rankings over alternatives, we adopt aconservative approach to infer limited preferences over orders.Adapting the solidarity principle to the resulting incompletepreferences, we formulate new axioms requiring solidarity when thepreferences of some agents chance. Although the most generalrequirement proves incompatible with efficiency, restriction to thesmallest change in preferences, transposition of a single pair ofalternatives, leads to a characterization of the status quorules. We further extend these rules to allow indifferences in thestatus quo order and offer a simple algorithm to apply these rules.Chapter 3 considers another specialized model of social choice, theproblem of choosing the level of a public good when individualshave single-peaked preferences over the feasible levels. Imposing ameasure on the space of preferences, we introduce a parameterizedfamily of solidarity axioms which restrict the conclusion topreference changes below a threshold size. With these axioms, wetest the robustness of previous results characterizing the targetrules by efficiency and unrestricted solidarity axioms. In fact,together with efficiency, each restricted axiom also characterizesthe target rules. Moving away from social choice, Chapter 4 studiesto object allocation. In this setting, we propose to evaluate rulesby their performance ex-ante, before individuals learn their ownpreferences. To do so, we introduce an appropriate strengthening ofefficiency which applies at the ex-ante stage and identify rulessatisfying this property.…" @default.
- W2598975055 created "2017-04-07" @default.
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- W2598975055 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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- W2598975055 title "Essays on social choice and object allocation" @default.
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