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• W2602409315 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION On April 19, 2000, Robert Glen Coe became first person to be put to in Tennessee in forty years, causing to become a widely discussed topic in Tennessee. The Knoxville News-Sentinel conducted a statewide poll on June 19-24, 2000, asking 607 people if they favored replacing Tennessee's with a mandatory life sentence without possibility of parole.1 Almost sixty-one percent of people questioned would keep penalty, while only twenty-eight percent would replace with life without parole.2 No matter what public opinion on matter is, however, there is an obvious fascination with that is prevalent in our society today. In fact, there was even a used electric chair from Tennessee auctioned off on eBay. Bidding reached $25,100 before was withdrawn and purchased by Ripley's Believe It or Not! for considerably more.3 One of most often litigated issues surrounding is requirement that trier of fact find an aggravating factor at trial. In most states, these aggravating factors are very specific and narrow, meeting constitutional requirements.4 There is one aggravating circumstance, however, that is much less precise and is source of much litigation.5 The heinous, atrocious, or aggravating factor is used by a number of states in a variety of languages.6 Section 39-13-204(i) of Tennessee Code lists fourteen aggravating factors that make one eligible for penalty.7 The focus of this note will be section (i)(5), which states that [t]he murder was especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel in that involved torture or serious physical abuse beyond that necessary to produce death[.]8 II. THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE ESPECIALLY HEINOUS, ATROCIOUS, OR CRUEL AGGRAVATING FACTOR A. The Furman Rule In Furman v. Georgia,9 issue before Unites States Supreme Court was whether and execution of penalty in each of three cases before constituted `cruel and unusual punishment' within meaning of Eighth Amendment as applied to States by Fourteenth.10 The Court issued a per curium opinion in which each of five justices issued a separate concurring opinion, holding that method by which was imposed and carried out in each of three cases before it constitute[d] cruel and unusual punishment in violation of Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.11 The Court held that could not be imposed by sentencing procedures that create a substantial risk that punishment will be inflicted in an arbitrary and capricious manner.12 Justice Stewart stated in his concurrence that the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments cannot tolerate infliction of a sentence of legal systems that permit this unique to be so wantonly and so freakishly imposed.13 Justice White likewise stated in his concurrence that a capital sentencing scheme must provide a meaningful basis for distinguishing few cases in which is imposed from many cases in which is not.14 In response to Court's decision in Furman, state legislatures enacted two types of statutes.15 Some states enacted mandatory sentencing schemes that required death [to] be imposed on all defendants convicted of a specified category of murder.16 These types of statutes were declared to violate Eighth Amendment.17 On same day that mandatory sentencing schemes were held unconstitutional, Court upheld imposition of under statutes that allowed sentencer to impose but that ... provided legislatively drafted standards to channel sentencer's discretion to avoid [arbitrary and capricious imposition of penalty] condemned by [Furman].18 It was in two of these cases that United States Supreme Court first discussed constitutionality of heinous, atrocious, and aggravating factor. …" @default.
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• W2602409315 date "2001-07-01" @default.
• W2602409315 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2602409315 title "The Constitutionality of the Heinous, Atrocious, or Cruel Aggravating Circumstance in Death Penalty Cases and Its Interpretation by Tennessee Courts" @default.
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