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• W260563777 abstract "Egalitarians and deconstructionist multiculturalists have monopolized such symbolic slogans as justice. While biological. behavioral and public policy oriented empirical research has impugned many of their assumptions, there are good reasons not to anticipate a collapse of this movement in the short run. Furthermore, resistance to empirical anomalies also afflicts right of center tendencies in varying degree. Recognizing this as well as the few insights of their protagonists may enable conservatives to recapture the high ground premised upon not only defense of one's unique cultural heritage but also by proportionately rewarding meritorious contributions to community well-being. Key Words: Social justice, egalitarianism, deconstructionism, multiculturalism, redistributionism, libertinism The notion that social justice, implying as it does complete equality, may be an unattainable ideal contravenes leftist beliefs. In rejecting the view that limits are inherent in the human condition, they succumb to the hubris flowing from the modern era's assumption that somewhere there is a technological or institutional fix for all problems, including injustice. In the discussion which follows, I shall first examine the political uses and significance of this symbol for the left as well as the right. Then consideration will be given to how empirical research may temper excesses while enhancing policy cost-effectiveness. Following this I shall suggest why limits apply to what can be expected from such rationality itself. Finally, a modest alternative social justice approach for conservatives will be elaborated-one that may enhance their appeal to attentive publics in a pseudo-democratic era.2 Political Uses and Implications Like its functional equivalents, and equity, social justice as a mobilizing slogan has been monopolized by the left during the past century. Indeed, antecedents such as Equality, Liberty and Fraternity or Rights of Man functioned similarly during the nineteenth and the latter eighteenth centuries. Initially associated with the extension of political liberties to lower middle class sectors, extreme leftist use of these symbols also sought to legitimize egalitarian socioeconomic redistribution incrementally or via revolutionary expropriation. The underlying premise was that existing stratification or hierarchy was inherently unnatural, and therefore both arbitrary and oppressive. From Rousseau's mythical Noble Savage to Marx's almost as imaginary primitive communism, the romantic vision of ultimate communitarian harmony rested upon an egalitarian assumption indirectly inspired (Pearson, 1996:14-15) by the Essenes and subsequent elements of the Christian ethos. The latter affirmed the spiritual equality of all before God, and the special moral obligation of Christians to the poor and disabled. Ironically, it was the inherently atheistic or deistic (Wilson, 1998:52, 54) and industrial revolution that catalyzed Christian socialist as well as Marxian egalitarian movements into first a major Western and then a global force. When not converting them to welfare statism, late nineteenth and early twentieth century socialists left libertarian liberal individualists well behind in winning the support of new middle class intelligentsia and sectors of the working class. By claiming that modern productivityenhancing technology and state control could once and for all end both poverty and class alienation, they captured the imagination of millions with a bent toward utopian perfectionism. For even more who recoiled from the repressive practices of scientific socialism, at least welfare statism would institutionalize social justice for the victimized masses. Thus the defection of a large sector of the liberal stream from libertarian or juridical individualism between the 1870s and the 1930s to redistributive welfare statism was paralleled by a similar mass desertion of much of the revolutionary Marxist movement to evolutionary socialism. …" @default.
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• W260563777 date "2001-07-01" @default.
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• W260563777 title "The Limits of Social Justice" @default.
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