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• W260619354 abstract "I. Introduction To boldly go where everyone has gone before . . . 1 There have been a number of articles, stories, and commentary in the popular press and on television about the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)2 over the past decade. Much of the coverage focuses on cost issues and difficulties with compliance for a variety of reasons. Unfortunately, the public may be receiving an unduly negative image of the benefits of the ADA as a result. In a commentary published on the eighth anniversary of the ADA, one writer expressed that ADA employment cases have been enmeshed in an atmosphere of misunderstanding and litigation.3 The concern arose from a fear that individuals with disabilities might become labeled as whiners or incompetent as a result of some of the litigation. Others are concerned that the abuse of ADA claims is resulting in able-bodied individuals becoming more anxious about dealing with people with disabilities. Such attitudes are turning the ADA into another handicap for the disabled, particularly where it hurts us the most in the hearts and minds of employers.4 One area in which there has been a lot of ADA-related popular media attention is sports and entertainment.5 Because Americans are interested in sports and entertainment, these cases often receive coverage. It is interesting to speculate on whether these cases have resulted in a better understanding by the general public than some of the other ADA cases, and why this might be. Perhaps the media coverage of these cases may work to counter some of the negative perceptions arising out of coverage of employment cases. If the ADA is to continue to receive favor and not risk congressional repeal or diminution, public support of the ADA will be important. This Article examines litigation and advocacy involving sports and entertainment issues under the ADA and how the media have covered these cases. First, the Article provides an overview of the ADA and its predecessor, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (Section 504),6 and their relationship to sports and entertainment issues. It then reviews the cases themselves and the results in those cases. Finally, it provides a general assessment of the media coverage of some of these cases and evaluates whether this coverage has contributed to an understanding of the law and whether it is likely to result in more or less positive attitudes about disability discrimination law. II. Overview of the Americans with Disabilities Act, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and Their Coverage of Sports and Entertainment Issues Before addressing the media focus on this issue, it is necessary to briefly review the statutory coverage of this issue. A. Covered Programs Both Section 504 and the ADA prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability against otherwise qualified individuals. Section 504 applies only to programs receiving federal financial assistance; thus, the only sports and entertainment cases generally subject to scrutiny under Section 504 involve colleges and universities and other educational institutions that receive federal funding and have programs involving sports and entertainment.7 It was the 1990 enactment of the ADA that brought comprehensive protection against discrimination to a much broader array of programs. The ADA's three primary sections all have potential application to sports and entertainment issues. Title I of the ADA applies to employers with 15 or more employees.8 Title II applies to state and local governmental programs.9 Colleges and universities and other public educational programs, as well as events sponsored by public entities, such as a city-sponsored parade, could be covered by Title II. Title III covers private providers of 12 specific categories of public accommodations, including several that directly involve sports and entertainment activities:10 Lodging (other than apartments), eating establishments, entertainment facilities, public gathering places, stores and sales establishments, service establishments . …" @default.
• W260619354 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W260619354 date "2000-07-01" @default.
• W260619354 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W260619354 title "Don't Roll in My Parade: The Impact of Sports and Entertainment Cases on Public Awareness and Understanding of the Americans with Disabilities Act" @default.
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