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- W2607985679 abstract "Multiple classification and regression analysis were performed to examine changes in womens economic social and legal status and its relationship to fertility change. Of particular interest is resistance to change and the identification of factors or groups at the forefront of change. Background information is provided on womens status in education employment health and the law and on trends in marriage breast feeding and contraceptive use in Pakistan. The empirical study explores the relationship between educational status and fertility during the 1970s and the 1980s in urban and rural areas and the extent to which changes are due to the improved educational status of women marriage patterns and intermediate variables such as contraceptive use and lactation. The study is concerned with the indirect influence of womens educational status on fertility through labor force participation reduced family size desires greater personal autonomy and more favorable attitudes toward childrens education. Data were obtained from the a variety of contraceptive and demographic surveys conducted between 1984-85 and 1990-91. Fertility is measured as the age specific fertility rate the total fertility rate and the mean number of children ever born. Cross tabulations are provided. Contraceptive prevalence increased from 5% in 1975 to 11.9% in 1990-91. During this period marriage age and womens education increased mostly in urban areas. Fertility differences are evident by educational status; fertility is lower among educated women. The greatest differences in fertility occur among post-primary educated women and women with lesser education. Education affects marriage age in both urban and rural areas. In urban areas fertility decline is also affected by increased contraceptive use and employment in the modern sector. Education has a stronger influence in urban areas where there is a concentration of educated women. The public policy recommendation is to improve the quality of family planning and health services and womens access to these services and to enhance womens employment opportunities." @default.
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- W2607985679 date "1993-01-01" @default.
- W2607985679 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2607985679 title "Womens status and fertility in Pakistan: recent evidence." @default.
- W2607985679 hasPublicationYear "1993" @default.
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