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• W2611055170 abstract "We investigated the response of Helianthus species nighttime conductance (gnight) and transpiration (Enight) to soil nutrient and water limitations in nine greenhouse studies. The studies primarily used wild Helianthus annuus, but also included a commercial and early domesticate of H. annuus, and three additional wild species (Helianthus petiolaris Nutt., Helianthus deserticola Heiser, and Helianthus anomalus Blake). Well-watered plants of all species showed substantial gnight (0.023-0.225 mol m s) and Enight (0.29-2.46 mmol m s) measured as instantaneous gas exchange. Based on the potential for transpiration to increase mass flow of mobile nutrients to roots, we hypothesized that gnight and Enight would increase under limiting soil nutrients, but found no evidence of responses in all six studies testing this. Based on known daytime responses to water limitation, we hypothesized that gnight and Enight would decrease when soil water availability was limited, and results from all four studies testing this supported our hypothesis. We also established that stomatal conductance at night was on average five times greater than cuticular conductance. Additionally, gnight and Enight varied nocturnally and across plant reproductive stages while remaining relatively constant as leaves aged. Our results further the ability to predict conditions under which nighttime water loss will be biologically significant and demonstrate that for Helianthus, gnight can be regulated. INTRODUCTION It is widely accepted that plants regulate stomatal aperture both to minimize water loss for a given amount of carbon assimilated and to minimize xylem cavitation (Cowan 1977, Sperry 2000). C3 and C4 plants fix carbon during the day and lose water from leaves as an unavoidable cost of getting CO2 to the site of carboxylation. Although these plants are generally expected to close their stomata at night to conserve water when carbon gain is not occurring, significant" @default.
• W2611055170 created "2017-05-12" @default.
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• W2611055170 date "2008-12-01" @default.
• W2611055170 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2611055170 title "Nighttime water loss from C3 plants" @default.
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