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• W261138449 abstract "THE ARTICLE I WROTE twenty years ago, Death and Democratic Theory: The Political Benefits of Vulnerability, has had a mixed durability. I argued then that the burgeoning movement in the United States and elsewhere to take the subject of death out of the closet and to confront our mortality provided a catalyst for political change and for participatory democracy in particular. I saw death, along with the human vulnerability it manifests, as provoking a profound sense of equality and community. I portrayed the debate between revisionists of democracy who conclude that the mass of people are simply interested in active political involvement and enthusiasts for worker participation in decisions in the workplace. I showed how even strong proponents of greater democracy like C.B. Macpherson were discouraged about finding a starter mechanism that would free people from absorption with consumerism and competition, and I suggested that a wider acceptance of death and a sense of limits might provide that mechanism. I argued that death might then be seen not as something to be denied but as a felix culpa in the human condition that prods people to discover the satisfaction of living in interdependence with nature and their fellow mortals (283-84). My thesis seems to me to have been largely valid in theory but misapplied in expected consequences. A highlighting in 1984 of the political significance of peoples' attitudes towards death seems prescient and well founded, given the fact that suicide bombers and other terrorists are now the most challenging new political force in the world today. My earlier concern to expand the possibilities of participatory democracy, on the other hand, now seems impractical, given the extent to which authors like Benjamin Barber see less demanding liberal democracy as reeling under attack from both global corporations and third-world jihads. Hopes for participatory democracy have been overtaken in the west by the more basic need to protect individual freedoms in a war against terrorism. I will try to show in this article that a greater acceptance of our mortality may achieve participatory democracy, but it can be a crucial and saving response to terrorism on a global level and at home can undergird a commitment to the spread of stronger democracy. Health care changes in the last two decades have forced upon our culture the need to be more candid about death. The vast expansion of the hospice movement and of palliative care units in major hospitals indicates an increasing ability to face the reality that one is dying and to seek comfort rather than cure in a terminal illness. Major funders like the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Soros Foundation have supported ambitious projects to make Americans more aware that issues of death and dying need to be faced. An example of this effort is the superb Public Broadcasting System television series with Bill Moyers, On Our Own Terms. The preparation of living wills is now commonplace and advanced medical directives are now required with most hospital admissions. We shun death less in the culture, even if we do yet know what to do with our awkward and usually unsolicited awareness of mortality. Perhaps the strongest recent force for challenging the denial of death in American culture was, sadly, the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center with its toll of nearly 3,000 innocent lives. Amid our shock and plans for revenge, Americans could help but feel their mutual vulnerability and mortality. These victims were so much like everyone else, with the same hopes and problems, the same varied successes and disappointments, and the same unmerited suffering. We could hide from the fact that their awful fate could have so easily befallen any one of us. We have sought to move on and return to our normal lives since 9/11. Indeed, within days of this staggering calamity, President George Bush implored Americans to go shopping again or our economy would suffer a heavy blow. …" @default.
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• W261138449 date "2006-09-22" @default.
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• W261138449 title "The Political Impact of Death: A Reappraisal" @default.
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