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- W2612551491 abstract "ABSTRACTEl Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) powers global interannual climate variability through changes in trade wind strength, tempera-ture and salinity anomalies, sea level, and atmospheric circulation patterns. ENSO variability is well characterized in modern times, but instrumental records cannot fully describe natural ENSO variability due to the imprint of anthropogenic climate forcing. ENSO activity may also be affected by solar variability, but the response of ENSO to such changes is diffi cult to predict. We constructed a continuous, monthly resolved, spliced fossil Porites coral δ18 O and Sr/Ca record from Misima Island, Papua New Guinea, in the Western Pacifi c Warm Pool, spanning 233 yr (1411–1644 CE [Common Era]). The Misima coral record indicates that the surface ocean in this region experienced a small change in hydrologic balance with no change in temperature, extended periods of quiescence in El Nino activity, and no change in average amplitudes of El Nino events relative to signals captured in regional modern records. The reduced El Nino variabil-ity occurs during a known change in solar forcing, the initiation of the Little Ice Age. However, there is no clear relationship between the timing of changes in solar forcing and ENSO activity, implying that ENSO variability changes arise from internal dynamics. The century-scale switch between active and inactive El Nino states has not previ-ously been recorded, and provides a new baseline for climate models and reconstructions.INTRODUCTION" @default.
- W2612551491 created "2017-05-19" @default.
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- W2612551491 date "2012-01-01" @default.
- W2612551491 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2612551491 title "centuries Coral record of reduced El Niño activity in the early 15th to middle 17th" @default.
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