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• W2613536437 abstract "Purpose Dynamic contrast‐enhanced ( DCE ) MRI can be used to measure blood‐brain barrier ( BBB ) leakage. In neurodegenerative disorders such as small vessel disease and dementia, the leakage can be very subtle and the corresponding signal can be rather noisy. For these reasons, an optimized DCE ‐ MRI measurement and study design is required. To this end, a new measure indicative of the spatial extent of leakage is introduced and the effects of scan time and sample size are explored. Methods Dual‐time resolution DCE ‐ MRI was performed in 16 patients with early Alzheimer's disease ( AD ) and 17 healthy controls. The leakage rate (K i ) and volume fraction of detectable leaking tissue ( v L ) to quantify the spatial extent of BBB leakage were calculated in cortical gray matter and white matter using noise‐corrected histogram analysis of leakage maps. Computer simulations utilizing realistic K i histograms, mimicking the strong effect of noise and variation in K i values, were performed to understand the influence of scan time on the estimated leakage. Results The mean K i was very low (order of 10 −4 min −1 ) and highly influenced by noise, causing the K i to be increasingly overestimated at shorter scan times. In the white matter, the K i was not different between patients with early AD and controls, but was higher in the cortex for patients, reaching significance after 14.5 min of scan time. To detect group differences, v L proved more suitable, showing significantly higher values for patients compared with controls in the cortex after 8 minutes of scan time, and in white matter after 15.5 min. Conclusions Several ways to improve the sensitivity of a DCE ‐ MRI experiment to subtle BBB leakage were presented. We have provided v L as an attractive and potentially more time‐efficient alternative to detect group differences in subtle and widespread blood‐brain barrier leakage compared with leakage rate K i . Recommendations on group size and scan time are made based on statistical power calculations to aid future research." @default.
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• W2613536437 date "2017-07-10" @default.
• W2613536437 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2613536437 title "Subtle blood‐brain barrier leakage rate and spatial extent: Considerations for dynamic contrast‐enhanced <scp>MRI</scp>" @default.
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• W2613536437 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.12328" @default.
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