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- W2613978532 abstract "Whilst many researchers have conducted simple ’tsunami impact’ studies, few engineering tools are available toassess the onshore impacts of tsunami, with no agreed methods available to predict loadings on coastal defences,buildings or related infrastructure. Most previous impact studies have relied upon unrealistic waveforms (solitary ordam-break waves and bores) rather than full-duration tsunami waves, or have used simplified models of nearshoreand over-land flows.Over the last 10+ years, pneumatic Tsunami Simulators for the hydraulic laboratory have been developed into anexciting and versatile technology, allowing the forces of real-world tsunami to be reproduced and measured in alaboratory environment for the first time. These devices have been used to model generic elevated and N-wavetsunamis up to and over simple shorelines, and at example coastal defences and infrastructure. They have alsoreproduced full-duration tsunamis including Mercator 2004 and Tohoku 2011, both at 1:50 scale.Engineering scale models of these tsunamis have measured wave run-up on simple slopes, forces on idealised seadefences, pressures / forces on buildings, and scour at idealised buildings. This presentation will describe how theseTsunami Simulators work, demonstrate how they have generated tsunami waves longer than the facilities withinwhich they operate, and will present research results from three generations of Tsunami Simulators. Highlights ofdirect importance to natural hazard modellers and coastal engineers include measurements of wave run-up levels,forces on single and multiple buildings and comparison with previous theoretical predictions.Multiple buildings have two malign effects. The density of buildings to flow area (blockage ratio) increases waterdepths and flow velocities in the ‘streets’. But the increased building densities themselves also increase the costof flow per unit area (both personal and monetary). The most recent study with the Tsunami Simulators thereforefocussed on the influence of multiple buildings (up to 4 rows) which showed (for instance) that the greatest forcescan act on the landward (not seaward) rows of buildings.Studies in the 70m long, 4m wide main channel of the Fast Flow Facility on tsunami defence structures have alsomeasured forces on buildings in the lee of a failed defence wall and tsunami induced scour. Supporting presentationsat this conference: McGovern et al on tsunami induced scour at coastal structures and Foster et al on buildingloads." @default.
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- W2613978532 date "2017-04-27" @default.
- W2613978532 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2613978532 title "Tsunami Simulators in Physical Modelling – Concept to Practical Solutions" @default.
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