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• W263378227 abstract "The Failure of Political by Olivier Roy. Tr. by Carol Volk. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1994. xi + 203 pages. Notes to p. 224. Bibl. to p. 229. Index to p. 238. $22.95. Reviewed by John O. Voll Olivier Roy's examination of has already had an important impact on study of Islamism. His analysis is carefully defined and clearly presented. There is a danger, however, that people will simply use book's title to prove that Islamic resurgence of late 20th century has ended. Roy's conclusions are much more sophisticated and nuanced than this. He argues that a particular type of Islamist program has failed and been replaced, by a non-Islamic mode of thought, but by a different Islamic approach. The failure of Islam, as discussed by Roy, is failure of radical revolutionary Islamist movements to achieve a significant transformation of political world of Islam. Islamism, the contemporary movement that conceives of Islam as a political ideology, has not significantly altered political landscape of Middle East (p. ix). This failure, however, has led to a change in nature of Islamic revival, its end. Roy argues that revolutionary Islamism has been replaced by a more conservative neo-fundamentalism. Although the specter of Islamic revolution is fading, Islamic symbols are penetrating society and political discourse of Muslim world more than every. The retreat of political Islamism has been accompanied by advancement of Islam as a social phenomenon (p. 78). Roy's book presents a broad picture of this carefully defined Islamism. After a general introduction, first three chapters discuss basic concepts, social contexts, and intellectual impasses of Islamism. The next four chapters examine critical issues of emergence of neofundamentalism, social and ideological positions of Islamist new intellectuals, and their international and economic perspectives. The experiences of Islamists in Afghanistan and Iran and international dimensions of Shi'i Islamism are important case studies presented in final three chapters, and a broadly interpretive conclusion closes book. The analyses of Afghanistan and Iran are strongest parts of this book. In his other discussions, Roy tends to make broad generalizations that may fit full spectrum of Islamist experiences which he is describing. For example, his discussion of Islamist new intellectuals (chapter 6) speaks of gap in Islamist intellectual's understanding between a body of knowledge he hasn't mastered and categories in which he conceives of it (pp. 89-90). This passage is reminiscent of paradox described by Orientalists that people in Muslim world who understood Islamic tradition did understand modernity, while those who had a modern education did know much about Islam. …" @default.
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• W263378227 date "1995-07-01" @default.
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• W263378227 title "Modern Politics -- the Failure of Political Islam by Olivier Roy and Translated by Carol Volk" @default.
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