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• W264009814 abstract "INTRODUCTION The Czech Republic currently is undergoing transformation from the centralized regime of a communist dictatorship towards a modern democratic state. Fanta et al. (2005) recognizes three main events in the last half century that had profound consequences for the country and its land use. First, the communist coup d'etat and the following collectivization of land in the 1950s that introduced large-scale collective farming, especially intense in the Olomouc region, which aimed at the maximum production of agricultural commodities. Second, the abolition of the totalitarian political system in 1989, which was followed by the restitution of private land ownership in the 1990s, the reintroduction of democracy and a market economy, and the development of market-driven forms of land use. Third, the preparation of the Czech Republic for ingression into the European Union in 2004, including its complete association with the EU environmental and agricultural policies, and its search for appropriate methods and forms of land use. This research pays closer attention to specific trends in land-use changes within the past 25 years: changes in agricultural areas, forest areas, and residential development. These particular trends can be described as followed. Agricultural areas. Political transition in the Czech Republic lead to marginalization of intensive agricultural areas, i.e., a process driven by a combination of socioeconomic and environmental factors caused by farming that ceased to be viable at many places, resulting in frequent abandonment of the agricultural land (Fanta et al. 2004). Extensive areas of previously cultivated land in the country now are laying fallow or were converted to secondary grasslands--meadows and pastures. Forested areas. Since the time of their minimum extent at the end of the 18th century, forested areas have been increasing, reaching the present 33 percent of the total vegetation cover in the country (UHUL 2006). Most of the forest is far from its natural composition, for it was converted to monocultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies), serving predominantly a productive function. However, since the boom of environmental consciousness in the 1990s, a distinctive tendency has grown towards alternative approaches in forest management considering the natural species composition and potential vegetation (Neuhauslova 1998). Residential development. As in other parts of Europe, the issue of suburbanization was well identified in the Czech Republic in the 1990s (Ptacek 1998; Jackson 2002). However, it is represented by a relatively small extent of residential development in vicinities of larger cities, and does not bear the typical traits and negative effects of the American-type large-scale suburban sprawl as described by Vaclavik (2004). The main objective of this study is to analyze relevant remote-sensing data from 1976 and 2001 and to identify the locations, types, and trends of the main land-use and land-cover changes in the past 25 years. Although the issue of land change is examined based on the background of political transformation of the country, this article does not explicitly address the effect of political transitions on land-cover change. However, it was assumed that the land cover will reflect some changes in the human perception of landscape and natural resources, such as the decreased need for intensive agriculture, the shift to an environmentally friendly management of forested areas, or the increased development and suburbanization. The hypothesis is that the later satellite image of the Olomouc region study site will exhibit a smaller total area of intensive agriculture and more meadows and pastures, fewer coniferous forests, and more mixed or deciduous tree cover, as well as an overall higher residential development. METHODS Study Site The study area chosen for this project is the Olomouc region in the eastern Moravian part of the Czech Republic (see Figure 1). …" @default.
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• W264009814 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W264009814 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W264009814 title "Mapping Land-Use/land-Cover Change in the Olomouc Region, Czech Republic" @default.
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