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• W264927081 abstract "On February 3, 1781, Benjamin Franklin met Russian Princess Ekaterina Romanovna Dashkova at the Hotel de la Chine in Paris. It was an unlikely meeting between two extraordinary Enlightenment figures from opposite sides of the world. She was a forthright thirtyseven-year-old noblewoman from a powerful Russian monarchy; he was an elderly statesman from a new democracy in the making. Though they would never meet again, they honored each other in a unique way as a result of their encounter. In 1789, Franklin nominated Dashkova, who by then was director of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and Arts in St. Petersburg, to the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia. She became its first female member. He, in turn, as a natural philosopher-the eighteenth century's word for scientist-and founder of what was then America's only learned society, would become the first American member of the Russian Academy. Dashkova and Franklin were exemplars of Enlightenment thought as well as unusually colorful personalities whose accomplishments and unexpected behaviors turned them into legends in their respective countries. Dashkova, who broke all stereotypes about princesses, was a sometimes-outrageous lady-in-waiting who spurned court attire for men's clothing, participated in a coup d'etat that overthrew a czar, and became the first woman in the world to lead a learned society. Franklin, no ordinary citizen-patriot, was a self-made entrepreneur at home and a savvy diplomat abroad. He, like Dashkova, had the verve to defy court fashion, wearing a fur cap among the Powder'd Heads of Paris.1 He also had the foresight to found a scholarly society in a young colonial city that by European standards was little more than a cultural backwater. In conjunction with the tercentenary celebration of Franklin's birth in 2006, the American Philosophical Society has organized an exhibition titled Princess and the Patriot: Ekaterina Dashkova, Benjamin Franklin, and the Age of Enlightenment. It will be the first exhibition in the United States to explore the life and work of Dashkova, and the first to juxtapose her with Franklin. This book, the 489^1 volume of the Society's Transactions, which have been published continuously since 1771, is being issued as a companion to the exhibition. Dashkova, Franklin, and the Challenges of the Enlightenment Dashkova met and befriended the future Catherine the Great when she was only fifteen, and at sixteen she became a princess when she married Prince Mikhail I. Dashkov.2 After Dashkova's involvement in the 1762 coup that overthrew Catherine's husband, Peter III, she served as lady-in-waiting to the new empress, and twenty years later, in 1783, she was appointed director of Russia's scientific academy. That same year she became the founding president of the Imperial Academy of the Russian Language, where she published the first Russian dictionary. Dashkova s love for learning was sparked at an early age. She amassed a library of some nine hundred books as a teenager, read Montesquieu's Esprit des lois and other seminal Enlightenment texts, and learned five languages. Later, she would make two extensive trips through Europe, meeting with such Enlightenment philosophes as Voltaire and Denis Diderot. Like Franklin, she explored liberal political concepts and struggled with the challenges that the new Enlightenment ideals were presenting to individuals and governments. In this volume, as in the exhibition, the lives of Dashkova and Franklin offer a lens through which to view the tensions and contradictions that arose when new Enlightenment ideals encountered practices that were deeply entrenched in the political, economic, and social realities of the time. Dashkova's and Franklin's belief in the importance of engendering and promoting useful knowledge for the betterment of humankind is developed in a section of the show titled The Pursuit of Knowledge and the Use of Reason. …" @default.
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• W264927081 date "2006-01-01" @default.
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• W264927081 title "Introduction: A Meeting of Minds" @default.
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