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• W2697280871 abstract "Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is caused by parasitic filarial nematodes. Currently availabletherapeutics are largely effective against the microfilaria stage, and they have a limitedinfluence on the adult worms that are actually causing the disease. The present study aimsto investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practice with regards to LF among thepopulation of an endemic area in Terengganu, Malaysia, and to explore the antifilarialactivity of local medicinal plant extracts. In vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifilarialactivity tests were performed to assess the potential activities of these extracts. In orderto develop and study the infection in vitro, Mongolian gerbils were infectedintraperitoneally with B. pahangi larvae (L3) and they were used to host adult worms.The potential anti-filarial activities of the plant extracts of Melaleuca cajuputi and Ardisiaelliptica were evaluated in vitro using methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assays,electron microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The extracts werefractionated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The effect of eachfraction was tested against Wolbachia in vitro using Aedes albopictus cells line (Aa23)cells. The active fractions were further subjected to liquid chromatography-massspectrometry (LC-MS) to identify the active ingredients. The toxicities of the activeextracts and isolated compounds were investigated. The identified compounds were thentested in vitro and in vivo, against adult worms and Wolbachia. RT-PCR was used tomeasure the expression levels of the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) and Filamentingtemperature-sensitive mutant Z (Fstz) and the B. pahangi genes. Baseline results havedemonstrated that more than 80% of the respondents have become cognizant of LF, andadditionally 70% of these individuals have grasped the fact that the LF is not devoid ofproblems. Estimatedly, 77% indicated that filariasis was transmitted by mosquitoes. Only35% of the participants in this research were well aware of the local Mass DrugivAdministration (MDA) program held in the area. All plant extracts showed goodantioxidant activity, free radicals scavenging and antibacterial activity. A methanolicextract of M. cajuputi flowers significantly reduced adult worms’ viability and release ofmicrofilariae. Caffeic acid phenyl ether (CAPE) was identified as the active constituentin M. cajuputi. It showed significant micro and macrofilaricidal activities in vitro and invivo. In summary, it has been discovered in this study that most respondents didacknowledge LF, in spite of the fact that their knowledge of MDA was rather limited.There is a need to enhance the delivery of health education and information programs, aswell as mass mobilization campaigns, in order to improve understanding of the LF in theaffected population for the control program to be successful. In the present study, themethanol extract of M. cajuputi flowers, and CAPE possesed anti-filaricidal activites. Themechanism of action of the CAPE is suggested to be due to its anti-Wolbachia activity;this compound has been shown to significantly downregulated the expression of the wsp,fstz, and Shp-1 genes. Therefore, CAPE could be a promising candidate drug for thetreatment of LF." @default.
• W2697280871 created "2017-06-30" @default.
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• W2697280871 date "2016-01-01" @default.
• W2697280871 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2697280871 title "In vitro and in vivo studies on the potential effects of Melaleuca cajuputi and Ardisia elliptica on lymphatic filariasis : A strategy targeting the Wolbachia / Nazeh Mohammed Al-Abd Ali" @default.
• W2697280871 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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