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• W271597415 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION In describing dietary standards set for students who meet criteria for the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) school lunch program, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals once acknowledged: It is apparent that for many years the Department of Agriculture has permitted the use of chocolate in some form in the food distribution programs that it administers. The only time the Department has proposed to remove chocolate in any form from its programs was in April 1978 when it sought to characterize chocolate as a candy and remove it from the School Lunch Program. That proposal was withdrawn after [the Chocolate Manufacturers Association] commented, supporting chocolate as a part of the diet.1 This recognition that chocolate, a calorie-rich food considered of minimal nutritional value due to its high levels of caffeine and sugar,2 once held a place in underprivileged students' diets with the support of the U.S. Government may seem surprising given the current trends toward promoting healthy eating habits.3 But such allowance for foods of minimal nutritional value in the past does invite the question: have school lunch diets really come a long way in recent decades? Government and private studies have often reached the conclusion multiple times that obesity among American children is escalating, while consumption of Recommended Daily Allowances of critical foods and nutrients is on the decline.4 Although the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) seeks to provide healthy choices for underprivileged students,5 any effort will be hard-pressed to compete with the food choices that students' parents make for them on nights and weekends.6 In addition to such concerns regarding food consumption outside of schools, perhaps these escalating rates of obesity also call for additional USDA involvement in regulating and further implementing the basic purpose of the program-to provide healthy meals at schools for underprivileged students. This article will discuss the existing law of the NSLP, tracing the NSLP initiatives through the National School Lunch Act,7 the Child Nutrition Act of 1966,8 and subsequent enactment of further laws and regulations that have amended and modified the NSLP. Next, this article will discuss the scope and likely effectiveness of proposed legislative and regulatory measures, including current appropriations for funding of the NSLP. This article will then cite the average participation and success rates of the NSLP for the fiscal year 2002, and evaluate these studies' conclusions of the overall effectiveness of the NSLP. Finally, this article will propose ways to improve the NSLP, and conclude that such improvements, while seemingly costly in the short-term, may positively affect spending levels for other federal aid programs in the long-term, among other enhancements. In short, while the NSLP may serve children a nutritious lunch five days per week, it may never be able to achieve the goal of producing healthier children in a society that increasingly succumbs to fast food and soft drink promotions. While such a goal may not be entirely realistic, this article will seek to suggest involvement between parents and the USDA to educate children on ideal food choices, and suggest methods of encouraging consumption of foods which remain regulated by the local education agency, rather than competitive foods marketed in schools by private corporations. Overall, such suggestions, in conjunction with compelling the existing program to produce healthier menus, could succeed in vastly improving the current NSLP. II. EXISTING LAW A. The National School Lunch Act 1. Legislative Purpose The well-recognized purpose of the National School Lunch Act, which created the NSLP, is to provide financial assistance to schools so that all students can receive a nutritious lunch.9 The NSLP became one of several federal initiatives designed to promote the nutritional health of American children,10 a goal first articulated in the Depression of the 1930s. …" @default.
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• W271597415 date "2004-04-01" @default.
• W271597415 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
• W271597415 title "The National School Lunch Program and USDA Dietary Guidelines: Is There Room for Reconciliation?" @default.
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