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• W271749230 abstract "MF-$0.76 HC-$1.58 PLUS POSTAGE Analytical Criticism; Behavior Patterns; *Communication (Thought Transfer); *Educational Research; Higher Education; *Nonverbal Communication; *Observation; Theories; *Video Tape Recordings This paper presents a critique on the use of video tape recordings in observing human .behavior for instructional and therapeutic purposes. Two problems are discussed in relation to this issue: video tape may distort the way a subject acts during recording: and the techniques, film conventions, aLd camera angles may be such that they give the best view of one person. Both of these factors may produce an unrealistic picture of the person being taped; in effect, the recording mechanisdi controls the action recorded. Persons using video tape in self-confrontation exercises would be able to successfully manipulate the results of the observation. Any research which aims at replicating real life in order to guarantee external validity must deal with thase issues. (RB) U S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION W trA: , ,EP -E %A. -VTE r,t o,T5r4. l't4f ErN1. .1,, HE Paper presented at the 66th Annual Eastern Communication Association Convention, New York, New York, March 13-15, 1975 VIDEOTAPE AS AN OBSERVATIONAL TEC}ll CRITIOE The utilization of videotape as an observational technique is being advocated with increasing fervor by practitioners and researchers in several different areas.' Tlith few exceptions (3irdwhistell, 1970 and Michaelis, 1955) most of these advocates have not considered the limitations and problems inherent in videotape which might work to confound research outccmes. As Michaelis indicates, A major use of scientific cinematography in anthropology, psychology, and psychiatry is the recording of data under conditions of observation, as distinct from experimentation. In order to make fullest use of such human research and record films it is essential for the scientists to be fully conversant with of and limitations in the making of these films and also with the conventions developed around the human figure by the commercial cinema; this is particularly so under the less rigidly controlled conditions of field work...equally important is the need for familiarity with the basic and the advanced cinematographic techniques. It will be the focus of this paper to consider these sources of error and to discuss their poten-hial impact upon research. Issues to be Discussed in Review of Videotape as an Observational Technique Should the Camera be Concealed? This issue is essentially non-unique to videotape since the same problem must be cc -idered when using human observers. The impact of being observed and recorded by a mechanical object, however; may have SOW unknown effects upon the subjects. Whether a researcher chooses to conceal or not is dependent upon two related.items: 1) The age of the subjects, and more critically, 2) The type of research problem. First, the consensus of opinion among persons utilizing videotape is that younger subjects are not significantly effected by the presence of the camera. This point of view is reflected in primarily intuitive" @default.
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• W271749230 date "1975-03-01" @default.
• W271749230 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W271749230 title "Videotape as an Observational Technique: A Critique." @default.
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