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• W272579708 abstract "I. Introduction Local as a significant type of the government institutions, are very close to the citizens in terms of service provisions. Therefore, local governments have an opportunity for the more effective and productive delivery of public services. In turn, local governments have better prospects for local self-government that is local democracy. The quality and an effective presentation of the public services provided by the local governments depend upon the revenues they receive. Without necessary financial resources, local government lacks the indispensable tools needed to acquire a variety of public services. More recently, the number of public services that should be offered by the local government units has increased at a great extent. In Turkey, there are three main forms of local mentioned by the Article 127 of the Constitution. These are local governments, and Provincial local administrations (Special Provincial Administration- Il Ozel Idaresi) are field administrations established to carry out tasks in the regions beyond municipal boundaries, within their respective provinces. Once a province, which is the agent of the central government, is established, the provincial local administration, which is a local authority, is automatically established, as well (Eryilmaz, 2008, p. 130). Municipalities are a form of local authority established to function in areas with dense population. According to the Law, it is possible to establish municipalities in settlements of more than 5,000 inhabitants. In addition, it is compulsory to establish municipal administrations in provincial and district centres, regardless of their population. Municipal administration is set up to meet the local and common needs of municipal dwellers and its decision making organs come to power by election of the constituents. In addition, a municipality is a public corporate entity which has both administrative and financial autonomy. In the Turkish administrative system, in addition to ordinary municipalities, there are metropolitan municipalities, and district and lower-tier municipalities falling within the borders of metropolitan municipalities. Villages are traditional settlements where municipal administration hasn't been founded. In general, small settlements together with their common properties, vineyards and orchards, and arable fields constitute villages. In Turkey, villages are generally dependent upon a higher level administrative unit for their public services. Provincial local administrations had significant importance in the first half of the 20th century, but later they transferred many of their services to the newly established public bodies such as the Electricity Institution and Directorate of State Water Affairs. Consequently, there is a decrease in the number of public services that should be supplied by these local government units. Moreover, there are no clear studies about the public services of provincial local administrations. This fact results in a neglect of their services and duties. The public is not well aware of these institutions since the inventory of their services isn't defined correctly (Toprak, 2006, p. 61). As a result, for the general public, provincial local governments don't provide a full complement of services expected from the local government. Among these forms of local administrations, municipalities are the one which resemble the full characteristics of a local government. Hence, in this study, the revenues of municipalities in Turkey will be explained in terms of latest administrative reforms and a shift in the understanding of municipal services which increase the need for greater financial resources, will be discussed. II. Administrative Reforms that Affect the Municipal Revenues The Turkish administrative system has witnessed very significant administrative reforms recently. …" @default.
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• W272579708 date "2008-12-22" @default.
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• W272579708 title "Revenues of Municipal Administrations in Turkey and a Shift in Their Responsibilities and Revenues with the Latest Administrative reforms/Turkiye'de Belediye Gelirleri Ve Son Yonetim Reformlariyla Birlikte Belediyelerin Sorumluluk Ve Gelirlerindeki Degisiklik" @default.
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