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- W2728444150 abstract "The Rouffignac cave in Dordogne (France) is a palacolithic site which contains, among others, an important patrimony of cave art realized with black pigment (mammoths, bisons, woolly rhinoceros, horses, ibexes). Although no direct dating has ever been realized to date, the graphic works of this cave are generally connected to the Magdalenian age by cross-dating (stylistic comparison). For the first time, in situ non destructive analyses of this pigment were able to be made due to the use of a portable XRF system (X-Ray Fluorescence). The experimental set-up is mainly constituted with a small X-ray generator (Bullet™ 40 kV, Moxtek), a SDD detector (silicon drift detector, Rontec 1102) cooled by a Peltier cryostat and an optical system, the whole being connected to a portable system for acquisition of spectrometric data. The experimental spectra obtained on the three rhinoceros frieze, the horse over the flint nodule, the ten mammoths frieze and some animals of the Grand Plafond showed a systematic presence of manganese in all figures. This hypothesis had been already suggested by Graziosi in 1956 in the review « La Nature » after a destructive analysis of a sample taken on one of the horses of the Grand Plafond. A Monte-Carlo simulation allowed a first quantitative approach in the analysis of the black pigment of the drawings. We can assess that the used manganese ore docs not only result from a unique source because variable ratii of manganese, barium and iron were probed in the black pigment. None of the studied drawing was executed exclusively with black charcoal that would have made the selection of a sample suitable for radiocarbon dating less complicated. Additional non destructive in situ analysis using a portable PLXE set-up (Particles Induced X-ray Emission) equipped with a 210Po as radiation source can be foreseen to allow the detection of elements with atomic numbers (Z) between 11 and 16 in the first layers of the black pigment, there where the XRF method is less successful." @default.
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- W2728444150 date "2005-01-01" @default.
- W2728444150 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W2728444150 title "Characterizing the Black Pigment of Cave Paintings in the Rouffignac Cave In Situ Using a Portable XRF Analysis System" @default.
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