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• W2735472783 abstract "espanolLas micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios producidos por hongos filamentosos especificos que son contaminantes comunes en productos agricolas. Estos compuestos son toxicos para humanos y animales, y un problema de salud en el mundo. Los alimentos con micotoxinas pueden causar graves enfermedades en animales de granja y perdidas economicas sustanciales. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las ocurrencias y niveles de seis micotoxinas en tres tipos de forraje vendidos al menudeo en el estado de Nuevo Leon, Mexico. La hipotesis fue que todos los tipos de forraje estaban contaminados con al menos una de las seis micotoxinas analizadas. De junio a noviembre de 2013 y en enero de 2014, en granjas y comercios locales en el estado de Nuevo Leon, se recolectaron 120 muestras de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), sorgo [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] y zacate (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) usadas para consumo animal. Las concentraciones totales de aflatoxinas, deoxinivalenol, fumonisinas, ocratoxinas, toxinas T-2 y HT-2, y zearalenona se determinaron con inmunoensayos asociados a enzimas usando un kit de prueba de micotoxinas Neogen Veratox. Para el analisis de datos se uso la prueba no parametrica Kruskal-Wallis. Todos los tipos de forraje contenian micotoxinas y las muestras de alfalfa mostraron niveles mas altos de aflatoxinas (2.77 μg kg-1), deoxinivalenol (470 mg kg-1), ocratoxina (32.7 μg kg-1), toxinas T-2 y HT-2 (93.7 μg kg-1), y zearalenona (199.6 μg kg-1). La mayoria de las muestras estaba contaminada con mas de dos micotoxinas, que pueden ser un riesgo para la salud de animales y humanos. Los datos mostraron la necesidad de establecer medidas de control apropiadas para reducir los riesgos de contaminacion en alimentos, en particular cuando se usa forraje susceptible a contaminacion micotica para alimentar al ganado. EnglishMycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by specific filamentous fungi that are common contaminants of agricultural commodities. These compounds are toxic to humans and animals, and they are a health problem worldwide. Mycotoxin-containing feeds can cause serious diseases in farm animals and substantial economic losses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and levels of six mycotoxins in three types of forage at retail in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The hypothesis was that all types of forages were contaminated with at least one of the six mycotoxins analyzed. One hundred and twenty samples of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], and grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) used for animal consumption were collected from farms and commercial locations in the state of Nuevo Leon, from June to November 2013, and January 2014. The total concentrations of aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, ochratoxin, T-2/ HT-2 toxins, and zearalenone were determined by enzymelinked immunoassays using Neogen Veratox mycotoxin test kits. For data analysis, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used. All forage types contained mycotoxins, although the alfalfa samples showed higher mean levels of aflatoxins (2.77 μg kg-1), deoxinivalenol (470 mg kg-1), ochratoxin (32.7 μg kg-1), T-2/HT-2 toxins (93.7 μg kg-1), and zearalenone (199.6 μg kg-1). Most samples were contaminated with more than two mycotoxins, which could be a risk for animal and human health. These data showed the need to establish appropriate control measures to reduce the risk of feed contamination, particularly when mixtures with forage susceptible to fungal contamination are used for feeding livestock." @default.
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• W2735472783 date "2016-10-01" @default.
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• W2735472783 title "OCURRENCIA DE MICOTOXINAS EN ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.), SORGO [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Y ZACATE (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) EN VENTA AL MENUDEO EN EL ESTADO DE NUEVO LEÓN, MÉXICO." @default.
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