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• W274691837 abstract "With virtual technologies becoming more commonplace in American culture, people think of virtual spaces as being disembodied spaces--spaces of the mind. In his novel Plowing the Dark, Richard Powers transgresses the boundary between reality and virtuality, calling into question the Cartesian principles on which the boundary is founded. The Internet is often thought of as a place where people can be free to be who they want to be, and virtual reality as a space where the user is free to be anywhere. Because of these sentiments, cyberspace--a that exists only through interactions with computers--is sometimes considered a utopic space, the frontier, where people can live separate from their bodies. Such myths have found their way into an American social and are reflected in some criticism about technology. For instance, Liza Tsaliki, in Women and New Technologies, writes that some feminists see Donna Haraway's notion of the cyborg as a utopic image that arises out of the interaction between humans and computer technology. Tsaliki writes, with the creation of the cyborg, is erased through the body's interaction with the machine, creating a world of freedom, beyond gender (83). Tsaliki writes of this process: As the boundaries between technology and nature are in the midst of a deep restructuring, Cartesian principles no longer hold, and the distinctions between biological/technological, natural/artificial, human/mechanical become unreliable (84). However, Tsaliki overlooks the most important of Cartesian boundaries: that between mind and body. In her explanation of Haraway's cyborg, Tsaliki draws on Claudia Springer's description of how popular culture characterizes the cyborg: as a pleasurable interface, where the body is obliterated and the mind continues on as consciousness integrated into the matrix (Springer 306). The pop-culture depiction that Springer discusses shows that Cartesian principles are constructing the way we think of the Internet and virtual reality, instead of those principles being destroyed through an interface with technology. This characterization does not fit Haraway's conception of the cyborg, which, while it allows for the creation of a beyond gender, does not obliterate the body. Instead, Haraway's cyborg embraces the body and its interaction with technology in a way that conceptualizes the body differently. In this conceptualization, is not eliminated but rethought. Just as the machine is essential to the creation of the cyborg, so too is the body. Haraway's theory of the cyborg is about transgressed boundaries between mind and body, and animal and machine (Haraway 154). Both sides of the boundary must exist in order for the subject to pass between the different identities. In that moment when these boundaries are transgressed and break down, there opens the possibility for one to see from both perspectives simultaneously, allowing for the development of a critical in which the subject can see the and conflicting views from multiple perspectives. The idea of a without bodies has led to the theory of a without genders or races--a Utopia, the myth goes, that will create world-wide equality and unity. However, this way of thinking is based primarily on a value system that places at its centre, as ideal, the image of normative masculinity. Therefore, this myth that rids the of bodies through technology is infused with the simultaneous desire for universal conformity to a model of the white, Western male and his value system. In his novel Plowing the Dark, Richard Powers examines the boundaries between virtual spaces and real spaces. The result is a novel that transgresses the boundary between what a contemporary readership might term real and virtual. Thus, two characters on opposite sides of the come to see virtuality and reality in a way that gives them a new perspective on reality. …" @default.
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• W274691837 date "2009-09-01" @default.
• W274691837 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W274691837 title "On Reality and Virtuality: A Study of Time-Spaces in Plowing the Dark" @default.
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