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- W2749542699 abstract "When cerebral blood flow falls below a critical limit, syncope occurs and, if prolonged, ischemia leads to neuronal death. The cerebral circulation has its own complex finely tuned autoregulatory mechanisms to ensure blood supply to the brain can meet the high metabolic demands of the underlying neuronal tissue. This involves the interplay between myogenic and metabolic mechanisms, input from noradrenergic and cholinergic neurons, and the release of vasoactive substrates, including adenosine from astrocytes and nitric oxide from the endothelium. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a non-invasive technique that provides real-time measurements of cerebral blood flow velocity. TCD can be very useful in the work-up of a patient with recurrent syncope. Cerebral autoregulatory mechanisms help defend the brain against hypoperfusion when perfusion pressure falls on standing. Syncope occurs when hypotension is severe, and susceptibility increases with hyperventilation, hypocapnia, and cerebral vasoconstriction. Here we review clinical standards for the acquisition and analysis of TCD signals in the autonomic laboratory and the multiple methods available to assess cerebral autoregulation. We also describe the control of cerebral blood flow in autonomic disorders and functional syndromes." @default.
- W2749542699 created "2017-08-31" @default.
- W2749542699 creator A5020608520 @default.
- W2749542699 creator A5031421003 @default.
- W2749542699 creator A5039872781 @default.
- W2749542699 creator A5065937266 @default.
- W2749542699 creator A5067477244 @default.
- W2749542699 date "2017-08-18" @default.
- W2749542699 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2749542699 title "Transcranial Doppler in autonomic testing: standards and clinical applications" @default.
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