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- W2751640911 abstract "Before the mid-1970s antibody diversity was assumed to result either from somatic mutations or to be entirely germline-encoded. But ground-breaking studies by Susumu Tonegawa demonstrated too few genes for germ-line encoded diversity, and too many for somatic mutations. The antibody chains were found encoded in three or four discrete gene segments: V (variable), J (joining) and C (constant) for light (L) chains, and V, D (diversity), J, and C for heavy (H) chains. Each segment exists in multiple different copies in the genome. During B-cell ontogeny, various combinations of V and J or V, D, and J segments are joined together to form a single continuous VJ (L chains) or VDJ (H chain) gene by a process termed rearrangement. Diversity of the initial antibody repertoire is thus largely combinatorial. Additional somatic mutations occur after antigen encounter to increase antibody affinity. The conceptual impact of these findings is discussed." @default.
- W2751640911 created "2017-09-15" @default.
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- W2751640911 date "2014-01-01" @default.
- W2751640911 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2751640911 title "The First Victory of Molecular Biology" @default.
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- W2751640911 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-416974-6.00005-3" @default.
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