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- W27533054 abstract "Corneal hydration is the main determinant of corneal transparency. The stromal glycosaminoglycans passively draw water into the cornea (the leak). Osmotic gradients created by the active ion transport mechanisms of the corneal endothelium (the pump), drives fluid movement that exactly counterbalances the Leak. This pump–leak mechanism preserves a constant stromal hydration, and thereby maintains optical transparency. The pump is mainly dependent on bicarbonate transport and hence on the activity of carbonic anhydrases. Several bicarbonate-transport mechanisms have been identified, but a complete picture remains elusive. The pump cannot maintain deturgescence of the stroma unless the barrier function of the endothelium is intact. The barrier integrity – which is dependent on tight and adherens junctions – is regulated by actomyosin contraction. Elevated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can increase fluid transport by the endothelium and promotes cell–cell apposition by opposing actomyosin contraction, promoting barrier integrity." @default.
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- W27533054 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W27533054 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W27533054 title "Regulation of Corneal Endothelial Function" @default.
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- W27533054 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374203-2.00075-0" @default.
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