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- W2753309069 abstract "Abstract Suprathermal (87–212 keV/e) singly charged iron, Fe + , has been discovered in and near Earth's ~9–30 R E equatorial magnetosphere using ~21 years of Geotail STICS (suprathermal ion composition spectrometer) data. Its detection is enhanced during higher geomagnetic and solar activity levels. Fe + , rare compared to dominant suprathermal solar wind and ionospheric origin heavy ions, might derive from one or all three candidate lower‐energy sources: (a) ionospheric outflow of Fe + escaped from ion layers near ~100 km altitude, (b) charge exchange of nominal solar wind iron, Fe +≥7 , in Earth's exosphere, or (c) inner source pickup Fe + carried by the solar wind, likely formed by solar wind Fe interaction with near‐Sun interplanetary dust particles. Earth's semipermanent ionospheric Fe + layers derive from tons of interplanetary dust particles entering Earth's atmosphere daily, and Fe + scattered from these layers is observed up to ~1000 km altitude, likely escaping in strong ionospheric outflows. Using ~26% of STICS's magnetosphere‐dominated data when possible Fe +2 ions are not masked by other ions, we demonstrate that solar wind Fe charge exchange secondaries are not an obvious Fe + source. Contemporaneous Earth flyby and cruise data from charge‐energy‐mass spectrometer on the Cassini spacecraft, a functionally identical instrument, show that inner source pickup Fe + is likely not important at suprathermal energies. Consequently, we suggest that ionospheric Fe + constitutes at least a significant portion of Earth's suprathermal Fe + , comparable to the situation at Saturn where suprathermal Fe + is also likely of ionospheric origin." @default.
- W2753309069 created "2017-09-15" @default.
- W2753309069 creator A5003130488 @default.
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- W2753309069 creator A5060107101 @default.
- W2753309069 creator A5073704868 @default.
- W2753309069 date "2017-11-01" @default.
- W2753309069 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
- W2753309069 title "Discovery of Suprathermal Ionospheric Origin Fe <sup>+</sup> in and Near Earth's Magnetosphere" @default.
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