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- W2754081936 abstract "Galectins are a family of lectins that bind β-galactosides through their conserved carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) and can induce aggregation with glycoproteins or glycolipids on the cell surface and thereby regulate cell activation, migration, adhesion, and signaling. Galectin-3 has an intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain and a canonical CRD. Unlike the other 14 known galectins in mammalian cells, which have dimeric or tandem-repeated CRDs enabling multivalency for various functions, galectin-3 is monomeric, and its functional multivalency therefore is somewhat of a mystery. Here, we used NMR spectroscopy, mutagenesis, small-angle X-ray scattering, and computational modeling to study the self-association–related multivalency of galectin-3 at the residue-specific level. We show that the disordered N-terminal domain (residues ∼20–100) interacts with itself and with a part of the CRD not involved in carbohydrate recognition (β-strands 7–9; residues ∼200–220), forming a fuzzy complex via inter- and intramolecular interactions, mainly through hydrophobicity. These fuzzy interactions are characteristic of intrinsically disordered proteins to achieve liquid–liquid phase separation, and we demonstrated that galectin-3 can also undergo liquid–liquid phase separation. We propose that galectin-3 may achieve multivalency through this multisite self-association mechanism facilitated by fuzzy interactions." @default.
- W2754081936 created "2017-09-25" @default.
- W2754081936 creator A5002731323 @default.
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- W2754081936 date "2017-10-01" @default.
- W2754081936 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W2754081936 title "The intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain of galectin-3 dynamically mediates multisite self-association of the protein through fuzzy interactions" @default.
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- W2754081936 doi "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m117.802793" @default.
- W2754081936 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5663883" @default.
- W2754081936 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28893908" @default.
- W2754081936 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
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