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• W2760852904 abstract "Nanotechnology is now recognized as one of the most promising areas for technologicaldevelopment in the 21st century. In materials research, the development ofpolymer nanocomposites is rapidly emerging as a multidisciplinary research activitywhose results could widen the applications of polymers to the benefit of many differentindustries. Nanocomposites are a new class of composites that are particle-filledpolymers for which at least one dimension of the dispersed particle is in the nanometerrange. In the related area polymer/clay nanocomposites have attracted considerableinterest because they often exhibit remarkable property improvements whencompared to virgin polymer or conventional micro- and macro- composites.The present work addresses the toughening and reinforcement of thermoplastics viaa novel method which allows us to achieve micro- and nanocomposites. In this worktwo matrices are used: amorphous polystyrene (PS) and semi-crystalline polyoxymethylene(POM). Polyurethane (PU) was selected as the toughening agent for POMand used in its latex form. It is noteworthy that the mean size of rubber latices isclosely matched with that of conventional toughening agents, impact modifiers.Boehmite alumina and sodium fluorohectorite (FH) were used as reinforcements.One of the criteria for selecting these fillers was that they are water swellable/dispersible and thus their nanoscale dispersion can be achieved also in aqueouspolymer latex. A systematic study was performed on how to adapt discontinuousandcontinuous manufacturing techniques for the related nanocomposites.The dispersion of nanofillers was characterized by transmission, scanning electronand atomic force microcopy (TEM, SEM and AFM respectively), X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques, and discussed. The crystallization of POM was studied by meansof differential scanning calorimetry and polarized light optical microscopy (DSC andPLM, respectively). The mechanical and thermomechanical properties of the compositeswere determined in uniaxial tensile, dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis(DMTA), short-time creep tests, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).PS composites were produced first by a discontinuous manufacturing technique,whereby FH or alumina was incorporated in the PS matrix by melt blending with andwithout latex precompounding of PS latex with the nanofiller. It was found that direct melt mixing (DM) of the nanofillers with PS resulted in micro-, whereas the latex mediatedpre-compounding (masterbatch technique, MB) in nanocomposites. FH wasnot intercalated by PS when prepared by DM. On the other hand, FH was well dispersed(mostly intercalated) in PS via the PS latex-mediated predispersion of FH followingthe MB route. The nanocomposites produced by MB outperformed the DMcompounded microcomposites in respect to properties like stiffness, strength andductility based on dynamic-mechanical and static tensile tests. It was found that theresistance to creep (summarized in master curves) of the nanocomposites were improvedcompared to those of the microcomposites. Master curves (creep compliancevs. time), constructed based on isothermal creep tests performed at different temperatures,showed that the nanofiller reinforcement affects mostly the initial creepcompliance.Next, ternary composites composed of POM, PU and boehmite alumina were producedby melt blending with and without latex precompounding. Latex precompoundingserved for the predispersion of the alumina particles. The related MB was producedby mixing the PU latex with water dispersible boehmite alumina. The compositesproduced by the MB technique outperformed the DM compounded composites inrespect to most of the thermal and mechanical characteristics.Toughened and/or reinforced PS- and POM-based composites have been successfullyproduced by a continuous extrusion technique, too. This technique resulted ingood dispersion of both nanofillers (boehmite) and impact modifier (PU). Comparedto the microcomposites obtained by conventional DM, the nanofiller dispersion becamefiner and uniform when using the water-mediated predispersion. The resultingstructure markedly affected the mechanical properties (stiffness and creep resistance)of the corresponding composites. The impact resistance of POM was highlyenhanced by the addition of PU rubber when manufactured by the continuous extrusionmanufacturing technique. This was traced to the dispersed PU particle size beingin the range required from conventional, impact modifiers." @default.
• W2760852904 created "2017-10-20" @default.
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• W2760852904 date "2008-08-25" @default.
• W2760852904 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2760852904 title "Water-Mediated Melt Compounding to Produce Thermoplastic Polymer-Based Nanocomposites: Structure-Property Relationships" @default.
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