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• W2761696820 abstract "The quality and quantity of fat in the diet have been shown to influence the composition of neuronal membranes, in particular the amount of phospholipid fatty-­‐acid content in the brain. In addition, dietary fat can modify neurotransmitter-­‐ mediated and neuroendocrine functions including the stress response in rodents. Indeed, fatty-­‐acid derivatives such as endocannabinoids (eCBs) have been identified as important signaling molecules that mediate, in part, the nongenomic glucocorticoid (GC) fast-­‐feedback inhibition on corticotropin-­‐releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) via binding to presynaptic cannabinoid receptors (CB1R). We previously found that altering the composition of dietary fat in the maternal diet during gestation and lactation modified the metabolic and hormonal profiles of the developing pups, including levels of eCBs. During the first two weeks of life, rat pups exhibit significant CRH and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses to stress although the adrenal GC output remains reduced. At the same time, pups also display increased sensitivity to GC feedback, but it is unclear whether eCBs play a role in mediating fast GC feedback in neonatal life. The present studies, using anoxia (3min) as a stressor and measuring ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) responses to stress, aimed at evaluating 1) the effect of maternal diet on neonatal stress responses; 2) the role of eCBs in regulating neonatal stress responses using pharmacological blockade of the CB1R with AM251; and 3) the effect of circulating GCs on the AM251 effect and the stress response using a pretreatment of either metyrapone (MET, a steroidogenic 11beta-­‐hydroxylase blocker) or methylprednisolone (PRED, a synthetic GC). Our results demonstrate that maintaining mothers on a diet high in saturated fat (HF20%, HF30%) increased maternal and pup weight gain, and that supplementing a maternal diet high in polyunsaturated fats from fish oil (HFF) with extra calories in the form of sucrose induces maternal weight gain that is not translated to the offspring. Furthermore, we observed differences in CORT responses to stress that suggest direct stimulation of adrenal steroidogenesis as a result of increased polyunsaturated fats in the HFF diet. MET blunted the CORT and amplified the ACTH responses to stress, and PRED suppressed stress-­‐induced ACTH secretion. Treatment with AM251, a CB1R antagonist, before stress onset tended to increase overall ACTH (except in MET pups) and CORT secretion, and also delayed the return to baseline ACTH. Taken together, our results lend further evidence to the influence of maternal diet on offspring hormonal and metabolic development and suggest that the eCB effect on ACTH secretion in neonates is most evident when there is a dynamic fluctuation of CORT concentrations.%%%%La composition des membranes neuronales et la teneur en acides gras des phospholipides qui les composent est influencee fortement par la quantite et la qualite des matieres grasses presentes…" @default.
• W2761696820 created "2017-10-20" @default.
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• W2761696820 date "2013-01-01" @default.
• W2761696820 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2761696820 title "The role of maternal diet and endocannabinoids in mediating stress responses and glucocorticoid feedback in the neonatal rat" @default.
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