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• W2766756131 abstract "MORE and more businesses are waking up to the importance of big data as a strategic resource. By analyzing the purchase history of its customers, a business can easily identify purchase trends and patterns. The increasing availability of cloud processing, analytics, and storage services has enabled businesses of all sizes across many industries to access big data. However, we must remain concerned both about the collection of data and in particular, the promulgation of data privacy laws to both protect data and, at the same time, promote the utilization of big data. In Japan, the Act on the Protection of Personal (PPIA) was recently amended and became effective on May 30, 2017 (the Act). The amendments will introduce a number of changes to existing data protection system. The term personal as used in the Amended Act, for example, has been clarified to further protect data and introduce more necessary regulations. At the same time, the amendments introduce the concept of Processed Information to promote the use of enormous data (i.e., big data) collected through the development of information and communication technology (ICT). The Amended Act also introduces new rules in response to the globalization of data flows. The purpose of this article is to provide practitioners with an understanding of three important changes made by the Amended Act and how these changes are likely to play out in practice. In Part I of this article, we will give a brief explanation on the newly revised definition of information under the Amended Act. Part II addresses and clarifies how and when big data should be treated under the new concept of Anonymously Processed Information. Part III discusses the new scheme under the Amended Act on cross-border transfers of information. I. Definition of Personal A. Clarification of definition of information Under PPIA, personal was defined broadly, and the scope of information was at times ambiguous. This ambiguity created difficulties among business operators. (1) For instance, information like identification numbers would not fall under the definition of information under PPIA in the absence of other information that could be easily used to identify a specific individual. With the development of ICT, however, there is a growing concern that privacy rights are at risk if information like identification numbers are not properly handled, since this type of information can now be easily linked with other information to identify a specific individual. To clarify the scope of information, the Amended Act defined the concept of Identification Codes. (2) Identification Codes, include codes, characters, letters, numbers, or symbols as prescribed in the Order for Enforcement of the Amended Act (the Order). According to the Cabinet Order, Individual Identification Codes consist of two categories of codes: (1) Codes which a body feature of a specific individual has been converted into data to be provided for use by computers, including DNA sequence data, facial recognition data, iris pattern data, voiceprint data, gait pattern data, palm/finger vein pattern data and fingerprint/palm print data. (2) Codes which are assigned in regard to the use of services provided to an individual or to the purchase of goods sold to an individual, or which are stated in a document issued to an individual so as to be able to identify a specific user or purchaser, such as a passport number, basic pension number, driver's license number, individual number (so-called My Number) and national health insurance number. (3) B. Regulations concerning Care-Required Personal The Amended Act introduces the concept of Special Care-Required Personal Information, which broadly corresponds to concepts of sensitive as seen in other jurisdictions, most notably in the EU and an increasing number of jurisdictions in the Asia-Pacific region. …" @default.
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• W2766756131 date "2017-10-01" @default.
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• W2766756131 title "Data Privacy Protection of Personal Information versus Usage of Big Data: Introduction of the Recent Amendment to the Act on the Protection of Personal Information (Japan)" @default.
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