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• W2767383351 abstract "Duet for One Lute by Hiroyuki Minamino The traditional Japanese art form Rakugo (meaning farcical story ) is a popular entertainment, the origins of which date back to several centuries. It is the art of story-telling. The stories can be either traditional or contemporary. The storyteller sits alone on a cushion on the stage. A fan is his only stage prop; he uses it as a substitute for many objects such as chopsticks, a sword, shovel, a hammer, etc., according to the situation. He wears the traditional kimono with the waist-length formal gown. Although the stories are usually comical and contain many jokes, each story has its own theme, characters, and moral messages. On rare occasions (such as the opening day of the season or new year's day) slapstick versions of the Rakugo are performed for cheap laughs. One such tale is called ninin bc(i, or a gown for two. The master storyteller wears an oversized gown so that his assistant can hide in it behind the master. The master's arms arehidden in the gown; instead, the assistant's arms replace the master's. Since the assis- .. ~~ 'lt hides in the gown, he cannot see what the masteris doing, and , master cannot control how his assistant moves his arms. It is this calculated uncoordination between the master's story and the assistant's arm movements that creates comical gestures and invites laughter from the audience. It is very unlikely that this traditional Japanese art form was known in Europe in the sixteenth century. Yet one wonders whether this kind of physical humor is universal. At the end of his The First Booke a/Songs or Ayres of 1597 (a collection of21 songs in fourparts with lute accompaniments), John Dowland appended a duet, entitled My Lord Chamberlaine, his Galliard. Lute duets had been popular among lutenists before Dowland, and many were published during the sixteenth century. Publishing a lute duet was nothing extraordinary at the time, and one assumes that Dowland' s duet is an ordinary piece. But is it? This galliard has a curious indication in the table of contents: A Gal!iard for two to play upon one lute. Lute duets are usually played on two lutes, presumably by two players. Dowland' s duet, however, requires two players and one lute. At first it appears to be impossible to follow the performance directions. Dowland' s compositional style, however, allows the players to play in such way. There are roughly two musical styles in the sixteenth-century lute duets: the predominant style in which the first lute provides the melodies and/or the fast moving running pasages while the second lute provides chordal accompaniment, <!nd duets in which both parts have equal musical significance, h containing the melody and accompaniment. Dowland' s duet May 1997 belongs to the first category. The first lute part mostly plays the melody, in the higher positions on the fingerboard (from the fifth to the tenth frets) and on the top two courses. The second lute part mostly plays the accompaniment on the lower frets (from the open string to the fourth fret) and on the lower courses. In this arrange- ment the two players' right and left hands do not pluck the same courses and position the same frets simultaneously. The posture of the two players is an interesting problem for the performance practice of this piece. One player presumably sits on a chair and holds a lute either on the knee or on a table, while the other player hovers behind the first player, standing bent over and extending his hands to the instrument from behind the first player. At one point in the duet there is an imitative passage, played by the first lute and then echoed on the second. When the melody is repeated, the second lute plays the melody, not on its normal low Boflon Catlines Supplier of gut strings for early musical instruments: plain gut & roped catlines custom fit to your instrument. We also carry Savarez lute strings, including the new carbon fiber Alliance series, & silver- plated overspun strings for bowed instruments. Boston Catlines Olav Chris Henriksen 34 Newbwy Street Somerville, MA 02144 USA" @default.
• W2767383351 created "2017-11-17" @default.
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• W2767383351 date "1997-01-01" @default.
• W2767383351 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2767383351 title "Duet for One Lute" @default.
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