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- W2767476923 abstract "SURF Conference Proceedings 2014 Redefining Worker Identity During the 1920s Carolyn Zola | History | Session 10, Closing Plenary Mentor: Professor David Henkin, History Between 1923 and 1929, a period of economic optimism and low unemployment in the United States, a Chicago based firm, Mather and Company, printed and distributed hundreds of motivational workplace posters. These posters were designed to be hung in factories and offices across the country. Many of the Mather posters expressed ideas that one might expect to see in workplace posters, such as having a positive attitude and being punctual. (fig. 1) Others celebrated the notion of cooperation through the language of teamwork. This is not surprising given that the 1920s have been called the Golden Age of Sport, and saw a proliferation of company based sports teams. At first glance these posters seem charmingly banal, the kind of workplace rhetoric designed to motivate and inspire workers to basic good behavior. But considered in light of the labor history of the period, a very different, surprising perspective emerges. Mather and Company produced these posters at a time when labor, especially radical labor, was weak. Radical labor groups such as the Industrial Workers of the World had faced harsh governmental persecution for their opposition to World War I, as well as further repression during the Red Scare of 1919. Despite the diminished power of labor and a discrediting of labor values during this period, many Mather posters deployed language intimately associated with the labor movement; much of this language was that of the radical fringe who had, only a few years earlier, been branded traitors. An underlying assumption of the labor movement was that through collectivism the asymmetrical power of worker and employer could be mitigated. Eugene Debs, speaking at the founding convention of the Industrial Workers of the World in 1905, asserted that as workers, “... we depend absolutely upon each other. We must get close together and stand shoulder to shoulder. We know that without solidarity nothing is possible, that with it nothing is impossible.” 1 Notions of solidarity, mutuality, and teamwork were featured repeatedly in the Mather posters. While expressions of individualism and success through personal striving did appear in some, many others celebrated communalism and success through cooperative efforts. Figure 1 Figure 2 Eugene Debs, “Speech at the Founding Convention of the Industrial Workers of the World,” Marxist Internet Archive, June 1905, accessed December 2, 2014. http://www.marxists.org/archive/debs/works/1905/iwwfound.htm." @default.
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- W2767476923 date "2015-03-01" @default.
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- W2767476923 title "Redefining Worker Identity During the 1920s" @default.
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