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- W276912950 abstract "Introduction Politicized collective action is defined as power struggle between various entities within a society with the understanding that it affects the broader social structure. (Simon & Klandermans 2001). When the values and norms of the out group are judged as non-normative and negative (Mummendey & Wenzel 1999) intolerance towards the out group is experienced and in such situations people tend to prefer collective to individual action (Louis & Taylor 1999). Social Identity theory, Self Categorization theory (Tajfel 1982, Turner et al 1994, Tougas & Veilleux 1988, Wright, Taylor & Moghaddam 1990; Simon et al 1998, Mummendey et al 1999, De Weerd & Klandermans 1999, Mummendey & Wenzel 1999, Louis & Taylor 1999, Tajfel & Turner 2003, Van Zomeren et al 2004, Van Zomeren, Postmes & Spears 2008, Van Zomeren, Spears, & Leach 2008, Musgrove & McGarty 2008, Derks, Van Laar & Ellemers 2009) and the Relative Deprivation theory (Crosby 1976, Guimond & Dube-Simard 1983, Martin, Bricman & Murray 1984, Kawakami & Dion 1993) are amongst the three most studied explanations of collective action. These explanations seem equally relevant to understand trade union activity as a kind of collective action. Trade unionism is also a power struggle between the management and the workers and is determined by and in turn determines the economic and social structures of the society. It too involves a relatively deprived in-group (workers) and an out-group (management) which most theories of group behaviour suggest to be the necessary condition for politicized collective action. The use of social-psychological theories to explain union activity was not very popular in the industrial relations literature (Heartly & Kelly 1986) till Klandermans (1986a) proposed three social psychological theories to explain union participation. The three theories suggested by him were the frustration aggression, rational choice and interactionist theories. Frustration-aggression, as the name suggests, refers to an increase in union participation as a way to vent one's frustration against the employer. The rational choice perspective uses the expectancy theory to explain participation behaviour. An individual weighs the expected costs and benefits of engaging in a particular union activity, if the benefits outweigh the costs he/she engages in union activity. Lastly the interactionist theory proposes that union participation is a result of social mimicking. When people in ones vicinity engage actively in union activities the social linkages and social pressure lead the non-participants also to participate. The three theories are used as three separate unrelated explanations of union participation. Despite the popular appeal of the paper, Klandermans (1986a) points out that each theory is limited in its application. The frustration aggression hypothesis is weak as dissatisfaction might not always lead to aggression. Union participation is just one of the many ways in which frustration can be reduced. The interactionist theory too is limited as it over emphasizes homogeneity and neglects individual differences in behaviour. It doesn't answer the question: Why would people conform? Klandermans (1986a) does not suggest any limitations of the rational choice theory. The present paper looks at participation in trade unions as a form of collective action. It aims to reappraise Klandermans' (1986a) proposed theories of union participation. The three social-psychological theories cannot be looked at in isolation. It is claimed that only when they are seen as an interrelated whole can it be called a useful theory for predicting union participation. The next section extends on the stated limitations of the three theories using sound theoretical explanations and an integrated model of union participation is proposed. Frustration-Aggression Theory The Frustration-aggression explanation assumes that dissatisfaction with one's work situation would cause an individual to participate in trade union activity. …" @default.
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- W276912950 date "2011-01-01" @default.
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- W276912950 title "Unionism as Collective Action: Revisiting Klandermans Theory" @default.
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