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- W2770599545 abstract "Over the last 50 years, advances in technology and data collection have increased the amount of data available for contextualizing places. Computers are ubiquitous in society. Local agencies now collect staggering amounts of information about the built environment in the course of providing services to residents. Once the domain of highly trained technicians, advances in computer software now enable data access by a much wider cross-section of government employees, business owners, residents to name a few groups. In particular, the development of geographic information systems (GIS) software has stimulated the use of spatial analysis. It has also supported the use of micro-level units of analysis by practitioners and researchers such as addresses and street blocks (i.e., both sides of a street between two intersections). Over the same period, theorists have developed a subfield of criminology focusing primarily on places rather than people. Place-based criminology is mainly concerned with the site and situational characteristics of places in which crime events occur. The approach draws from several academic disciplines to explain why crime happens where it does. Three main criminological theories underpin the approach: rational choice perspective, crime pattern theory (CPT), and routine activity theory. There is much overlap among the latter two theories especially as they have evolved over time. Theorists have developed frameworks to provide a deeper understanding of the role of the social and physical environment (i.e., the urban backcloth) by drawing from the geographical concepts of spatial interaction, spatial autocorrelation, activity spaces, and time geography. Ecological psychology provides the foundation for understanding how street blocks/street segments can function as behavior settings and how setting programs then relate to the potential for crime to occur.1" @default.
- W2770599545 created "2017-12-04" @default.
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- W2770599545 date "2017-06-01" @default.
- W2770599545 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W2770599545 title "Measuring the Influence of the Built Environment on Crime at Street Segments" @default.
- W2770599545 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/jrls/jlx005" @default.
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