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- W2771406851 abstract "Abstract Background According to WHO, around 3 million deaths are caused annually by exposure to air pollution, of which 3% occur in children. About 88% of those deaths are in low-middle-income countries. Because age and air pollution levels are two vital factors affecting respiratory infections, we hypothesised that more outpatient visits would occur in months with higher pollution than in months with lower levels of pollution, and aimed to explore the effect of this variation on medical expenses and burden of disease. Methods Historical air quality index (AQI) came from online data of Shanghai Environment Monitoring Center. We conducted a dual structure survey of typical urban–rural districts, covering seven secondary and tertiary hospitals, six community health centres, and three non-public hospitals, and collected outpatient information for children aged 14 years old or younger (WHO 2016 international standards) who were diagnosed with respiratory infections (classified by ICD-10 code J98.802), in January, April, July, and October of 2014. We used SPSS version 19.0 to analyse medical expenses. Findings Our analysis included 73 376 outpatients with respiratory infection: 42 376 in January, 7730 in April, 16 372 in July, and 6898 in October. The mean age was 5·28 years (SD 3·39). The number of days with AQI more than 101 significantly differed among different months (p=0·004), with the most days (13) in January and the least (two) in April. Per-capita outpatient medical expenses were RMB¥105·16 (95% CI 102·57–107·74) in January, ¥70·94 (70·14–71·73) in April, ¥96·76 (95·01–98·51) in July, and ¥69·82 (67·26–72·38) in October, of which per-capita out-of-pocket expenses were ¥73·50 (95% CI 71·56–75·45), ¥61·52 (60·85–62·19), ¥73·31 (71·99–74·64), and ¥58·80 (56·75–60·85), respectively. Interpretation Higher AQI was significantly associated with more outpatients and higher medical expenses. Environmental governance is drawing more and more attention worldwide. By reducing air pollution levels, the respiratory disease burden could be reduced substantially, and quality of life could be improved effectively, especially for children, the most vulnerable and most important group. Funding National Nature Science Foundation of China (#71503170), Pudong Commission of Health and Family Planning (#PW2014A-2)." @default.
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- W2771406851 date "2017-12-01" @default.
- W2771406851 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2771406851 title "Medical expenses of children exposed to outdoor air pollution: a typical case sampling analysis of 73 376 cases" @default.
- W2771406851 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33226-9" @default.
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