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• W2772476587 abstract "Experiments and simulations of low Re sphere wakes with and without stratification X. Xiang, K.K. Chen, T.J. Madison, P. Sellappan and G.R. Spedding Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles xinjianx@usc.edu, geoff@usc.edu Abstract Near wakes behind a sphere in both homogeneous and linearly stratified background were studied numerically and experimentally at Reynolds number Re ≤ 1000, Froude number Fr ≥ 0.5. In a homogeneous fluid, the structural transitions with increasing Re are consistent with previous studies. The stratified results from simulations and experiments are in good agreement. Stratified wakes undergo similar transitions with decreasing Fr for Re in current range, except that similar transitions occur at larger Re as Fr decreases, thus making the wake structure at high Re, low Fr similar to that at low Re, high Fr. Introduction Bluff body wakes in both stratified and unstratified background have been studied exten- sively due to their geophysical and naval applications. Both simulations and experiments have shown the dependence of near-wake structures on initial Re and Fr, and a global map of the wake structure behind a towed sphere has been provided by Lin et al. (1992) and Chomaz et al. (1993). Nevertheless, in the regime where the near wake is fully turbulent, despite the initial degree of turbulent kinetic energy, the wake eventually evolves into a state dominated by low Fr dynamics with persistent patterns (Spedding, 1997), and the memory of the wake-generating body shape is lost (Meunier and Spedding, 2004). The same observation also justifies the temporal simulations of the far wake with a patch of turbulence superim- posed on a Gaussian-shape mean profile (Gourlay et al., 2001; Dommermuth et al., 2002; Diamessis et al., 2011) with no generating body. The driving mechanisms, and structural transition from the near wake that does depend on initial conditions, have been debated continuously without the benefit of detailed quantitative near-wake data, whose secondary purpose would also be to properly initialize temporal simulations. In the low Re regime, where the flow is not turbulent, the stratification effect is obvi- ous since the near-wake structure undergoes distinct transitions between varying Fr and Re. Early experiments visualized these different wake structures with shadowgraph tech- niques, dye tracers and particle streaks (e.g. Lin et al. (1992); Chomaz et al. (1993)). Meanwhile, corresponding direct numerical simulations (DNS) were limited to very low Re (e.g. Hanazaki (1988)). The full-field measurement of the near wake for a wide range of Re and Fr was shown possible recently in both experiments (Xiang et al., 2015) and DNS (Orr et al., 2015). In a similar spirit as Lin et al. (1992) and Chomaz et al. (1993), we present here a com- parative study of PIV experiments and DNS at various Reynolds number Re = 2U R/ν = {200, 300, 500, 1000}, and Froude number Fr = U/(N R) = {0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ∞}, where U is the towing velocity in experiments or incoming flow speed in simulations, R is the VIII th Int. Symp. on Stratified Flows, San Diego, USA, Aug. 29 - Sept. 1, 2016" @default.
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• W2772476587 date "2016-09-01" @default.
• W2772476587 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2772476587 title "Experiments and simulations of low Re sphere wakes with and without stratification" @default.
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