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• W2778277482 abstract "Introduction: Adequate calcium (Ca) intake is critical for skeletal development in early years and prevention of osteoporosis later in life. Recently, some studies showed inverse relationship between Ca intake and body weight/BMI but the data are controversial. Our objective was to assess Ca intake and its dietary sources among Croatian women and compare them with current recommendations, Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), as well as to determine whether there is a relationship between Ca intake and weight/BMI. Methods: Participants were 306 healthy Croatian women, 45.3+/-18.4 years (mean+/-SD, range 20-80 years), BMI 24.6+/-4.2kg/m2 (range 17.7-40.4kg/m2). Ca intake from food and water was assessed by Food Frequency-Questionnaire, incorporating pictures of foods and serving-sizes. Weights/heights were self-reported and BMI (kg/m2) was calculated. Results: Total Ca intake (including food and water) for all participants was 929+/-369 mg/day, slightly below DRIs of 1000-1200 mg/day (for younger-older women). Younger (n=103, 30years) participants consumed 1040+/-391 mg/day and 873+/-345mg/day, respectively (p=0.0003). Dairy products and drinking waters contributed to ~50% and 10% of Ca intake, respectively. Younger participants were mostly in the normal-weight-range with BMI 21.1+/-2.0 kg/m2 (range 17.7-27.6 kg/m2), while older were slightly overweight and some obese, BMI 26.3+/-4.0kg/m2 (range 18.6-40.4 kg/m2). When participants were divided into quartiles of Ca intake, ANOVA showed significant difference in BMI (p=0.0278) among groups, indicating inverse relationship between Ca intake and BMI: participants in the 4th quartile of Ca intake had lower BMI than those in the lower quartiles. However, when age was accounted for, the significance was lost. Discussion: Our assessment shows that younger women were consuming adequate amounts of Ca, when all sources, including drinking waters, were accounted for (contradictory to surveys from other European countries/USA, where Ca intake in women is usually below recommendations). Older women were below DRIs. Assessment of Ca from drinking waters should not be neglected, as commonly is. There was no significant inverse relationship between Ca intake and BMI, when data were controlled for age." @default.
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• W2778277482 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W2778277482 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2778277482 title "Calcium intake in Croatian women of wide age range and its relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI)" @default.
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