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- W2783456911 abstract "After the recombination epoch ((zsim 1100)), free electrons couple to protons, and subsequently, neutral hydrogen atoms are formed. Before reionization ((zsim 30)), there has been no astronomical objects, what we called the dark ages. During the dark ages, there are large amount of neutral hydrogen atoms. The neutral hydrogen atom emits photons corresponding to the wavelength (lambda _mathrm{HI} approx 21mathrm{cm}) at the rest frame due to the hyperfine structure. Therefore, we call this emission the “21 cm radiation” or “21 cm (hydrogen) line”. It is possible to observe 21 cm radiation by using the forthcoming radio telescope. The advantages of the 21 cm radiation as follows. There is no damping mechanism such as the Silk damping in the CMB fluctuations. In principle, we can pull information on very small scales from the 21 cm fluctuations. Moreover, we observe the 21 cm fluctuations tomographically since we observe the redshifted 21 cm radiation. The 21 cm radiation would become a new probe to explore much smaller scales and bring a low signal-to-noise ratio. In this part, we apply the second-order vector mode in the cosmological perturbation theory to 21 cm lensing during the dark ages. In the previous study by Book (Phys Rev Lett 108:211301 (2012), [1]), we can, in principle, detect the quite small tensor-to-scalar ratio (rapprox 10^{-9}) by using the 21 cm radiation in the dark ages. However, when we focus on the high-sensitivity experiments, the second-order vector mode cannot neglect. We discuss the effect of the second-order vector mode on the 21 cm lensing measurements. We also present the detectability of the second-order vector mode in the future observations. Moreover, we mention the observable tensor-to-scalar ratio in the 21 cm lensing measurements." @default.
- W2783456911 created "2018-01-26" @default.
- W2783456911 creator A5076733722 @default.
- W2783456911 date "2018-01-01" @default.
- W2783456911 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2783456911 title "21 cm Lensing in the Dark Ages" @default.
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- W2783456911 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8007-4_5" @default.
- W2783456911 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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