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- W2785082717 abstract "Nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) is a quasistationary state, in which exist currents that continuously produce entropy, but the local observables are stationary everywhere. We propose a theory of NESS under the framework of quantum chaos. In an isolated quantum system, there exist some initial states for which the thermodynamic limit and the long-time limit are noncommutative. The density matrix $hat rho$ of these states displays a universal structure. Suppose that $alpha$ and $beta$ are different eigenstates of the Hamiltonian with energies $E_alpha$ and $E_beta$, respectively. $ $ behaves as a random number which approximately follows the Laplace distribution with zero mean. In thermodynamic limit, the variance of $ $ is a smooth function of $left|E_alpha-E_betaright|$, scaling as $1/(E_alpha-E_beta)^2$ in the limit $left|E_alpha-E_betaright|to 0$. If and only if this scaling law is obeyed, the initial state evolves into NESS in the long time limit. We present numerical evidence of our hypothesis in a few chaotic models. Furthermore, we find that our hypothesis implies the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in a bipartite system." @default.
- W2785082717 created "2018-02-02" @default.
- W2785082717 creator A5082264955 @default.
- W2785082717 date "2017-03-16" @default.
- W2785082717 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W2785082717 title "A theory of nonequilibrium steady states in quantum chaotic systems" @default.
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