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- W2785474481 abstract "markdownabstract__Abstract__In vitro fertilization (IVF), literally meaning ‘fertilization in glass’, ischaracterized by co-culture of aspired oocytes with spermatozoa andsubsequent transfer of the embryo(s) into the uterine cavity. Theoriginal indication for this treatment was subfertility resulting fromimpaired function of the fallopian tubes (Steptoe 1975). Since then,indications for the usage of IVF have increased considerably (Diedrichet al. 1992; Macklon et al. 1991).The first efforts in the field of IVF in human were made in the1940’s. By incubating surgically harvested oocytes with spermatozoa invitro, two-cell pre-embryos were observed (Rock & Menkin 1944).These embryos were not transferred into the uterus. A majorbreakthrough was achieved in 1959 by the fertilization of rabbit eggs invitro and subsequently transferring the four-cell embryos into thefallopian tubes of recipient rabbits, followed by the delivery of healthyrabbits (Chang 1959). This was the first proof that the concept offertilizing mammalian eggs in vitro could produce normal offspring.The first attemps in IVF were characterized by the use ofpolyovulating agents and aspiration of human oocytes by laparoscopyresulting in an ectopic pregnancy (Steptoe & Edwards 1976). Thistechnique failed to result in a life-born baby and was temporaryabandoned. Edwards and Steptoe resorted to retrieving the single eggcharacteristics of the normal menstrual cycle. As a consequence, thebest result was the recovery of solely one oocyte. On the 25th of July1978 the first baby arising from IVF, Louise Brown, was born in theU.K. (Steptoe & Edwards 1978). Unfortunately, by aspirating the oocytein the natural cycle only a few pregnancies were reported.Subsequently, the use of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) tostimulate multiple follicular development was re-introduced with moresuccess (Garcia et al. 1983a; Garcia et al. 1983b)." @default.
- W2785474481 created "2018-02-23" @default.
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- W2785474481 date "2003-01-08" @default.
- W2785474481 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2785474481 title "Alternative approaches to ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization" @default.
- W2785474481 hasPublicationYear "2003" @default.
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