FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2785781414> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2785781414 endingPage "45" @default.
• W2785781414 startingPage "42" @default.
• W2785781414 abstract "The term has only recently entered into international legal jargon to describe collapse and dissolution of states. These processes have become relatively frequent of late and are symptomatic of condition of today's community of states and system of international law. Examples commonly cited include Somalia; Liberia and Sierra Leone, which have been racked by small-scale conflicts throughout 1990s; Bosnia-Herzegovina in early days of its independence; Rwanda at time of massacres and genocide; and, more recently, Sudan, a country which has been devastated by three conflicts. Although discussion about failed state phenomenon has only existed since end of Cold War, there are also cases of failed states prior to that period. These cases include 20-year conflict in Cambodia, brought to an end by Paris Agreement of 1991; civil war in Lebanon during 1980s; and various phases in development of Congo, a country that has been hard to govern since independence was achieved in 1960. The same themes were evident in chaotic power struggles in China during 1930s and can still be traced back all way to Thirty Years' War in seventeenth-century Europe. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] This article aims to analyze phenomenon of failed states in its legal, political and sociological aspects. It will retrace different approaches to addressing failed states and will attempt to show that efforts toward fixing failed states have been generally met with mixed success. It is argued here that while other states, international actors, and Security Council in particular may play an important role, sustainable recovery will in long run only be successful if it originates from within failed state--and preferably from grassroots level rather than from an imposing authority at top. The Political and Legal Phenomenon The term does not denote a precisely defined situation, but instead serves as a broad label for a complex phenomenon. A state is usually considered to have failed when power structures providing political support for law and order have collapsed. This process is generally triggered and accompanied by anarchic forms of internal violence. Former Secretary-General of UN, Boutros Boutros Ghali, described this situation as the collapse of state institutions, especially police and judiciary, with resulting paralysis of governance, a breakdown of law and order, and general banditry and chaos. Not only are functions of government suspended, but its assets are destroyed or looted and experienced officials are killed or flee country. Hence, three elements characterize a failed state from political point of view. First is geographical and territorial aspect: failed states are essentially associated with endogenous problems, even though these may incidentally have cross-border impacts. The situation is one of implosion rather than of explosion of structures of power and authority, of disintegration and destructuring of states rather than dismemberment. Second, there is internal aspect characterized by collapse of political and legal systems. The emphasis here is on complete or near breakdown of structures guaranteeing law and order, as opposed to kind of fragmentation of state authority seen in civil wars. The final element is an external one: absence of capable bodies representing state at international level. Either no institution exists that has authority to negotiate, represent, and enforce, or if one does, it is wholly unreliable. From international law point of view, a failed state, while retaining legal capacity, has in all practical purposes lost ability to exercise it. Moreover, there is no body able to legally commit a failed state to a binding agreement. The Sociological Perspective Sociologically, failed state is characterized by two phenomena. …" @default.
• W2785781414 created "2018-02-23" @default.
• W2785781414 creator A5045311241 @default.
• W2785781414 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W2785781414 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2785781414 title "An internal challenge: partnership in fixing failed states" @default.
• W2785781414 hasPublicationYear "2008" @default.
• W2785781414 type Work @default.
• W2785781414 sameAs 2785781414 @default.
• W2785781414 citedByCount "3" @default.
• W2785781414 countsByYear W27857814142012 @default.
• W2785781414 countsByYear W27857814142014 @default.
• W2785781414 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2785781414 hasAuthorship W2785781414A5045311241 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C105795698 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C11413529 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C138921699 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C186229450 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C204342414 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C2776324910 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C2777054862 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C2779872411 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C3018567284 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C33923547 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C35651441 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C47768531 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C48103436 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C105795698 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C11413529 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C138921699 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C144024400 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C162324750 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C17744445 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C186229450 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C199539241 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C204342414 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C2776324910 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C2777054862 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C2779872411 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C3018567284 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C33923547 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C35651441 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C41008148 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C47768531 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C48103436 @default.
• W2785781414 hasConceptScore W2785781414C94625758 @default.
• W2785781414 hasIssue "4" @default.
• W2785781414 hasOpenAccess W2785781414 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W1483673355 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2033894848 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2266930992 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2334336152 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2466917753 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2477673793 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2489274613 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2498866894 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2592390314 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W266849130 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2991978854 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W2994476951 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W3001039275 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W3125778278 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W329345365 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W72830809 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W832358215 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W210829595 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W269133170 @default.
• W2785781414 hasRelatedWork W345014563 @default.
• W2785781414 hasVolume "29" @default.
• W2785781414 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2785781414 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2785781414 magId "2785781414" @default.
• W2785781414 workType "article" @default.