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• W2788065269 abstract "Cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor that influences the disease course of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), there are conflicting results about the association between smoking and the risk of a subsequent MS diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of clinically definite MS (CDMS) in smoking and non-smoking patients at time of a first demyelinating event. Two hundred and fifty patients, aged 18–50 years, were included in our prospective CIS cohort. At time of the first neurological symptoms, patients completed a questionnaire about smoking habits. Cox regression analyses were performed to calculate univariate and multivariate hazard ratios for CDMS diagnosis in smoking and non-smoking CIS patients. One hundred and fourteen (46%) CIS patients were diagnosed with CDMS during a mean follow-up of 58 months. In total, 79 (32%) patients smoked at time of CIS. Sixty-seven % of the smoking CIS patients were diagnosed with CDMS during follow-up compared to 36% of the non-smoking CIS patients (p < 0.001). Smoking at time of CIS was an independent predictor for CDMS diagnosis (HR 2.3; p = 0.002). Non-smoking CIS patients who had a history of smoking did not have a higher risk for CDMS than those who had never smoked. Smoking at time of CIS was an independent risk factor for a future CDMS diagnosis. This is an additional argument to quit smoking at time of the first attack of suspected MS." @default.
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• W2788065269 date "2018-02-20" @default.
• W2788065269 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2788065269 title "Smoking at time of CIS increases the risk of clinically definite multiple sclerosis" @default.
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• W2788065269 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-8780-4" @default.
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