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- W2788429044 abstract "In non-photosynthetic tissues most of cell’s demand for ATP is met by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylationOxidative phosphorylation . Surprisingly, however, although the mechanisms involved in ATP synthesis are now well known, our understanding the regulation of cell respiration is still incomplete. Nevertheless, recent results suggest that free ADP concentration plays a critical role in adjusting the rate of respiratory ATP synthesis. Quite generally, respiration is not a limiting factor for Mg-ATP regeneration, because under diverse physiological situations (except after blocking or uncoupling the respiratory electron chain, or during Mg-starvation) no significant accumulation of ADP is observed. Based on in vivo 31P-NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments in sycamore cells, recent results summarized in this chapter show that the cytosolic concentrations of free ADP and free Mg2+, rather than the ATP/ADP ratio (or the energy charge), are the key factors adjusting cellular respiratory activity to the metabolic Mg-ATP demand. In most physiological situations, cytosolic free ADP concentration is low (20 μM) and stable, unlike that of ATP. Because this value is close to the reported K m(ADP) of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier, it seems likely that this carrier regulates cytosolic free ADP concentration. Under standard conditions, the moderate cytosolic Mg2+ concentration (250 μM) and the high matricial Mg2+ concentration (2.4 mM) allow ADP/ATP exchange across the mitochondrial inner membrane. In addition, cytosolic Mg2+ concentration is remarkably stable suggesting that the response of respiration to Mg-ATP requirement is effectively mediated by cytosolic free ADP rather than Mg2+ concentration itself." @default.
- W2788429044 created "2018-03-06" @default.
- W2788429044 creator A5040222644 @default.
- W2788429044 creator A5075774188 @default.
- W2788429044 date "2017-01-01" @default.
- W2788429044 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2788429044 title "Regulation of Respiration by Cellular Key Parameters: Energy Demand, ADP, and Mg2+" @default.
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- W2788429044 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68703-2_2" @default.
- W2788429044 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
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