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- W2789964267 abstract "ABSTRACT Objectives: To study micronutrient status and nutritional intake from complementary feeding in children on a cows’ milk exclusion (CME) diet. Methods: Fifty-seven children with cows’ milk allergy, younger than 2 years, were included in a cross-sectional study. Blood was analyzed for micronutrient status. Complementary feeding was defined as all solids and liquids except of breast milk, and assessed by 3-day food diary. The results were analyzed according to 3 feeding patterns: mainly breast-fed (mBF), partially breast-fed, and no breast milk group (nBM). Results: The children had a median age of 9 months and micronutrient status was within normal range for total homocysteine (p-tHcy), s-B12, s-folate, b-Hb, s-ferritin, s-zinc, and s-25(OH)D. There were no significant differences between feedings groups, except for B12-biomarkers. The mBF had higher p-tHcy ( P < 0.000) and lower s-B12 ( P = 0.002) compared nBM. Vitamin B12 deficiency (p-tHcy >6.5 μmol/L combined with s-B12 <250 pmol/L) was found in 12% of participants, most frequently among the mBF (36%) and none in nBM group ( P = 0.009). Vitamin B12 intake from complementary feeding was negatively correlated with p-tHcy ( r = −0.479, P = 0.001) and positively with s-B12 ( r = 0.410, P = 0.003). Iron deficiency anemia was found in 5%. Iron intake correlated positively with b-Hb ( r = 0.324, P = 0.02). Zinc deficiency was found in 7% and low 25(OH)D in 9%. Vitamin D intake was positively correlated with the use of supplements ( r = 0.456, P = 0.001). Conclusion: The risk of B12 deficiency was high in mBF infants on CME diet, and complementary feeding was associated with better B12 status. Iron, zinc, and vitamin D deficiencies were present in all feeding groups. Complementary feeding should be introduced at 4 to 6 months of age. Vitamin D supplement is recommended to ensure adequate intake." @default.
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- W2789964267 date "2018-05-01" @default.
- W2789964267 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2789964267 title "Micronutrient Status and Nutritional Intake in 0- to 2-Year-old Children Consuming a Cows’ Milk Exclusion Diet" @default.
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- W2789964267 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/mpg.0000000000001942" @default.
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