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• W2790891662 abstract "<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background:</ns4:bold> Growing insecticide resistance and changes in biting and resting behavior of malaria vectors threaten efficacy of insecticide treated nets and indoor residual spraying. Larval source management (LSM) is a promising approach that can target mosquitoes irrespective of their behavior as adults. However, the use of traditional monitoring methods for immature stages of <ns4:italic>Anopheles</ns4:italic> mosquitoes is a major challenge to LSM due to the variability in their breeding habitats. We evaluate the use of an environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis technique in monitoring <ns4:italic>Anopheles gambiae </ns4:italic>sensu lato larvae in experimental aquatic habitats.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> eDNA was simultaneously sampled and extracted from different volumes of water, number of larvae, and occupation time. Larval presence was detected using PCR and eDNA concentration in samples from 1 L habitats quantified using an <ns4:italic>IGS</ns4:italic> and <ns4:italic>cyt b</ns4:italic> TaqMan assays. The limit of detection of the two assays was tested and larval density correlated with eDNA positivity.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Results:</ns4:bold> 74% of replicates in the 50 mL habitats were PCR positive with at least 6h required to get a signal from a single larva (0.02 larvae/mL). All 12 replicates where 1 L of water was used were positive with stronger PCR bands than replicates with the same larval density in 50 mL for 24 h. There was a correlation between larval densities and eDNA detection in both assays: <ns4:italic>IGS</ns4:italic>, <ns4:italic>r</ns4:italic> = 0.503, p = 0.047; and <ns4:italic>cyt b,</ns4:italic> <ns4:italic>r</ns4:italic> = 0.558, p = 0.025. There was stochasticity in eDNA detection rates, using both PCR and qPCR across all the dilutions.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Conclusion:</ns4:bold> This study has demonstrated the potential use of eDNA analysis for detection and quantification of <ns4:italic>An. gambiae </ns4:italic>s.s. mosquito larvae in aquatic habitats. The stochasticity observed in eDNA detection suggest that this technique is best for monitoring aquatic habitats with many larvae at low densities.</ns4:p>" @default.
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• W2790891662 date "2018-03-08" @default.
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• W2790891662 title "Detection and quantification of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquito larvae in experimental aquatic habitats using environmental DNA (eDNA)." @default.
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• W2790891662 doi "https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14193.1" @default.
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