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- W2793383110 endingPage "XVIII" @default.
- W2793383110 startingPage "189" @default.
- W2793383110 abstract "This chapter focuses on the structure and biosynthesis of type I collagen and discusses how cytokines, hormones, and growth factors regulate its synthesis. Type I collagen is the most abundant extracellular protein of bones and it is essential for bone strength. Each molecule of type I collagen is typically composed of two αl chains and one α2 chain [αl(I)2–α2(I)] coiled around each other in a characteristic triple helix, but a very small number of type I collagen molecules can be formed by three αl chains [αl(I)3]. Both the αl chain and the α2 chain consist of a long helical domain preceded by a short N-terminal peptide and followed by a short C-terminal peptide. Various cytokines, hormones, vitamins, and growth factors can modify type I collagen synthesis by osteoblasts and/or fibroblasts. The role of TGF-β on type I collagen synthesis has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, subcutaneous injections of platelet-derived TGF-β in newborn mice increases type I collagen synthesis by dermal fibroblasts with formation of granulation tissue. Injections of platelet-derived TGF-β onto the periostea of parietal bone of newborn rats stimulated bone formation, and thus accumulation of extracellular matrix. Transgenic mice that overexpressed mature TGF- β developed hepatic fibrosis and renal fibrosis. Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), which is produced by bone cells, and which is one of the most abundant growth factors found in bone extracellular matrix, can also stimulate type I collagen synthesis by osteoblastic cells, with an increase in corresponding mRNA transcripts. Corticosteroids, when added to fibroblasts in culture, usually decrease type I collagen synthesis by acting at a pretranslational level." @default.
- W2793383110 created "2018-03-29" @default.
- W2793383110 creator A5075680031 @default.
- W2793383110 date "2002-01-01" @default.
- W2793383110 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W2793383110 title "Type I Collagen" @default.
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